Mrs. Phillips Pre-AP Ch9 and Ch10 Test
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| inaugurated | sworn in
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| precedent | an example that would become standard practiCe; example 1- George WaShington added "so help me god" at the end of the oath of office, and every president since has said that; example 2- peaceful transition of power
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| cabinet | the heads of the departments created to help the president lead the nation
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| judiciary | systems of courts and judges
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| tariff | a tax on imported goods which served 2 purposes: raising money for the gov; encouraging the growth of the american industry
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| strict construction | narrow or strict interpretation of the constitution
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| loose construction | broad or flexible interpretation of the constitution
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| trans-appalachian west | the land between the appalachian mountains and the mississippi river
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| neutral | not siding with one country or another
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| foreign policy | relations with the government of other countries
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| political parties | a group of people that tries to promote its ideas and influence government
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| sedition | saying or writing anything false or harmful about the government
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| nullification | the idea that a state could nullify (invalidate) the federal law within the state
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| state's rights | states had rights that the federal governments could not violate
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| federal judiciary act | helped create a court system and gave the supreme court 6 members
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| whiskey rebellion | a 1794 protest against the governments tax on whiskey which was valuable to the livelihooed of backcountry farmers. The stop to this rebellion proved that the federal was strong (P. 285)
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| French revolution | in 1789, the french launched a movement for liberty and equality. It was ended by Napoleons dictatorship (P.285)
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| XYZ affair | in 1797, the french officials demanded a bribe from US diplomats. The americans found this offensive, and said that they would pay more to go to war, than pay a little bit to honor france (P.290)
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| alien and sedition acts | a series of 4 laws enacted in 1789 to reduce the political power of recent immigrants to the US during John Adam's presidency. (p.290)
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| john adams | 1st vp; 2nd president; inaugurated in 1797; 1st president to live in the white house; federalist; signed the alien and sedition acts
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| john jay | a cheif justice sent to england to talk about the seizure of US ships and to persuade the british to give up their forts on the Northwest frontier
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| Anthony Wayne | also known as "mad anthony" for his reckless courage; lead army west in 1791 and defeated native americans in the battle of fallen timbers
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| little turtle | led the victory against the first federal army in 1790; later advised other cheifs to negotiate
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| louis XVI | king of france; executed in 1793 due to the french revolution
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| Queen Marie Antoinette | queen of france; executed due to the french revolution; was insensitive to the peasants of france
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| henry knox | leader of the war dept. because he was a trusted general during the revolution
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| thomas jefferson | leader of the state dept. because he served as a US minister to france
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| alexander hamilton | leader of the treasury dept. because he served as one of washington's aides
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| edmund randolph | leader of the justice dept. because he was attonrney general of virginia
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| war dept. | oversees the nation;s defenses
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| state dept. | oeversees relations between the US and other countries
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| treasury dept. | manages government money
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| justice dept. | advised the government on legal matters
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| treaty of greenville | tribes agreed to cede much of present day ohio; result of the battle of fallen timbers which the americans won
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| jay's treaty | british agreed to pay damages for seized US vessles and also agreed to leave the ohio valley by 1796; the agreements were never fulfilled
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| pickney's treaty | gave the americans the right to travel freely on the mississippi river; gave the right to store goods at the port of new orleans without paying customs duties
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| convention of 1800 | agreement to stop all naval attacks
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| isolationism | the idea of remaining isolated, or neutral, introduced by George Washington
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| economic freedom | the freedom to choose your own job
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| economic incentives | negative and positive effects of your economic choices that motivate an individual, overall making the economy stronger
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| private property | everyone owns their own property and take care of it better than public property
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| competition | ensures that businesses are consumer oriented, there are affordable pricesm and that their is more variety in products
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| supply and demand | As demand for an item increases, prices rise. When manufacturers respond to the price increase by producing a larger supply of that item, this increases competition and drives the price down.
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| limited government interference | some government interference such as supporting large essential companies when needed and setting rules such as child labor laws
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| excise tax | the tax is built into the price of the item; example- cigarettes
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| nickname of the war of 1812 | Mr.Madison's War
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| president during the war of 1812 | James Madison
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| Year(s) the war of 1812 took place in | 1812-1814
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| Winner of Battle of Thames | Americans led by William Henry Harrison
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| who saved the declaration of independence when the white house burned? | dolley madison (president james madison's wife)
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| While watching which battle did Francis Scott Key write the poem that would later become our national anthem? | battle of baltimore at Fort McHenry
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| what battle takes place after the treaty ending the war of 1812 is agreed upon? | the battle of new orleans
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| who lEADS the pirates at the battle of new orleans and helps general andrew jackson? | jean lafitte
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| who is the general at the battle of new orleans? | general andrew jackson
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| who wins the battle of new orleans, and what are the casualties? | american victory; about 70 americans lost, about 2000 british lost
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