science flashcard terms
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| the deeper, thicker inner layer of the skin | dermis
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| the thin outer layer of the skin | epidermis
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| the pigment that determines skin and hair color | melanin
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| glands in the dermis that produce sebum and open into a hair follicle | sebaceous glands
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| glands in the dermis that produce sweat | sweat glands
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| a sac in which urine is stored | bladder
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| a toxic chemical produced in all cells as a product of protein metabolism | urea
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| tiny filtering devices in the kidney that remove harmful substances from the blood | nephrons
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| the liquid produced by the kidneys that contains dissolved waste materials | urine
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| the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body | urethra
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| the tube through which the urine flows from the kidney to the bladder | ureter
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| a short tube that connects the mouth and nasal cavities to the esophagus and larynx | pharynx
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| the blood vessel in which blood flows directly from the heart | aorta
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| clusters of air sacs deep in the lungs | alveoli
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| a respiratory disorder, often caused by allergies: attacks of labored breathing | asthma
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| the branches of the trachea that extend into the lungs | bronchi
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| inflammation (swelling) of the bronchi | bronchitis
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| a large, flat muscle that lies underneath the lungs and helps move air into them | diaphragm
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| lung disease in which the walls of the alveoli are destroyed and less lung tissue can exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide | emphysema
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| the exchange of gasses between living things and their environment | respiration
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| the tube that carries air to and from the lungs | trachea
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| a tube that contains the vocal chords | larynx
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| a medical condition that results from not enough hemoglobin in the blood | anemia
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| large blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart | arteries
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| condition that occurs when fatty material builds up on the inside walls of arteries | atherosclerosis
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| an upper chamber of the heart | atrium
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| tiny blood vessels that carry blood to certain body cells | capillaries
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| a system of vessels and organs that transports materials to and from body cells | cardiovascular system
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| the protein in red blood cells that attaches to oxygen | hemoglobin
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| a hereditary disease in which the blood clots abnormally or not at all | hemophilia
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| a cancer in which white blood cell production is abnormal | leukemia
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| the thin, yellow fluid part of the blood | plasma
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| tiny cell fragments that clump together at the site of a wound to form a blood clot | platelets
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| the circulation of blood between the heart and the lungs | pulmonary circulation
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| the circulation of blood between the heart and the rest of the body (not the lungs) | systemic circulation
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| large blood vessels that take blood to the heart | veins
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| a disease of the lungs that results in fluid buildup in the alveoli | pneumonia
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| the lower chamber of he heart | ventricle
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