Methods in Psychology Research
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| APA citation (Sources) | Author, A.A., Author, B.B., & Author, C.C., (year). Title of article. (italicized)Title of Periodical, issue (end italicized), page from - to
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| Introduction and first page | Header: Title First Letter of Each Word Cap - page number
Running head: TITLE LESS THAN 50 CHARACTERS
(middle of page, center aligned)
Critique of Authors (year)
Critique Authors Name
Affiliation
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| Tables | use statistics to find values to prove hypotheses. Each segment is separated into columns and then grouped by solid lines.
Table #
Name of table
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| Figures | Bar Graphs, Line Graphs, Pie Charts, Scatter Plot, Pictorial Graphs,
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| Avoiding Bias Language | 1) describe at the appropriate level of specificity
2) be sensitive to labels
3) acknowledge participation
4) gender
5) sexual orientation
6) racial and ethnic identity
7) disabilities
8) age
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| Independant Variable | Change
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| Dependant Variable | Can be measured
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| Between-Subject Design | compare multiple test results within 1 group, use T-test and variance between and variance within tests to analyze data
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| Independent Groups design | Random assignment, manipulated Independent variable
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| Match groups design | assignment based on matching variable, manipulated independent variable
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| Non-equivalent groups | natural group design, subjects selected based on subject variable, causal inferences cannot be made because of lack of experimental control
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| Operational definition | specifics of how something is defined in an experiment (increased jumping shows increased happiness)
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| Scientific hypothesis | a testable hypothesis using the scientific method
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| Causal Observation | observing behavior and making judgments based on observation instead of experimentation
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| Discriminant validity | correlation between two opposed behaviors
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| Convergent validity | scores or results from two different perspectives on a single topic
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| Divergent validity | scores on a single perspective for two different topics
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| Validity | scores are accurate
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| Reliability | scores are similar in retesting
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| secondary sources | cite the secondary source in which you found the original source
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| natural use measure | uses physical trace measure to understand the intended behavior
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| stratified random sampling | randomly chosen people from different places (different dorms)
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| participant observation | researcher is involved with participants during the course of the study
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| availability heuristic | using information present at the moment to make generalizations about unrelated information
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| point-biserial correlation | dichotomy
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| quasi-experimental | lacks either control or manipulation randomization
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| quasi-experimental | lacks either control or manipulation randomization
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