Microbiology Chapter 15
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| The study of fungi is referred to as? | mycology
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| Fungi that use organic compounds as a carbon source are called? | heterotropic
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| Fungi that obtain nutrients by decomposing dead organic matter are? | saprophytes
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| fungi that do not use light as an energy source are? | nonphototropic
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| fungi that take up nutrients in solution are? | absorptive
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| The individual filaments of the interconnected branches of fungi are called? | hyphae
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| The only fungi that does not have an interconnected branching system is? | yeasts
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| a branching set of hyphae is called a? | myccilium
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| fungi that are single celled organisms? | yeasts
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| fungi that are filamentous organisms are? | molds
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| fungi that are organisms that come together to form large, fruiting structures are? | fleshy fungi
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| lower fungi that are water molds with uniflagellated spongiospores and gametes are called? | chytridiomycetes
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| Lower Fungi that are water molds with biflagellate spongiospores and male gametes, nonmotile female gametes and sexual spores are called? | oomycetes
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| Lower Fungi that are terrestrial fungi with nonmotile spongiospores and zygospores--several general parasitize weakened human patients--are called | zygomycetes
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| A fungi is considered a ____? if the mycelia present are coenocytic. | Lower Fungi
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| a fungi is considered a ____? if the mycelia present are septate . | Higher Fungi
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| igher fungi that have ascospores formed in an ascus (sac)--some parasitic on plants or animals-- are called? | Ascomycetes
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| Higher Fungi that have basidiospores formed on a club shaped basidium--some are parasitic on plants or animals-- are called? | Basidiomycetes
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| Higher Fungi that lack sexual spores--some are parasitic on plants or animals--are called? | Deuteromycetes
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| Fungi that can switch between growing as a single celled yeast and a mycelium have a condition that is called? | dimorphism--meaning two shapes
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| Fungi are grown on what type of agar? | Sabourand agar
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| How is Sabourand agar different from regular agar? | has extra glucose as well as a more acidic environment
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| Fungi cause many ?? diseases. | plant
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| Fungi cause a relatively small number of ? diseases. | human
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| What is the pathogen of cryptococcosis and how is it transmitted? | Cryptococcus neoformans
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| what are characteristics of cryptococcosis? | f inhaled into lungs, causes only mild respiratory infection.
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| what could a person with a compromised immune system acquire ffrom exposure to cryptococcosis? | cryptococcal meningitis--as it ias spread to the CNS. AIDS patients highly susceptible.
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| Where is cryptococcosis found? | in soil and bird droppings, especially pigeons.
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| how is cryptococcosis treated? | Amphotercin B
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| What is the pathogen of Candidiasis? | Candida albicans
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| Candida albicans are considered to be what kind of pathogens? | opportunistic
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| Candida albicans thrive in what type of environment? | warm and moist
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| Candida albicans are found where in almost every human being? | on the skin, mucous membranes andin the GI tract.
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| Factors which predispose one to contracting Candidiasis are? | pregnancy, birth control, diabetes, and antibiotic therapy
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| The most common sites for a Candidiasis infection are? | vagina, mouth, and diaper area of infants
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| Candidiasis of the mouth is called? | thrush
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| Candidiasis of the vagina is called? | Candida vaginitis
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| Treatment of Candidiasis is? | miconazole and clotrimazole for superficial candidiasis
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| The general name for fungal infections of the hair, skin and nails is? | dermatomycosis
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| the fungi that cause dermatomycosis produce enzymes that digest ? | keratin
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| The medical names for dermatomycosis infections use two words. ? followed by the name of the affected region. | tinea
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| athletes foot is called? | tinea pedis
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| groin or jock itch is called | tinea cruris
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| dermatomycosis of the scalp is called | tinea capitis
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| dermatomycosis of the nails is called | tinea unguinum
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| dermatomycosis of any other part of the body except for feet, groin, scalp, or nails is called? | tinea corporis
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| treatment for fungal infection are superficial and most can be cured using topical agents such as? | miconazole-micatin, tolnaftate-tinactin, undecylenic acis-Desenex
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| Micatin is ? | miconazole
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| Tinactin is? | tolnaftate
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| Desenex is ? | undeclyenic acid
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| Fungal infctions that affect scalp and nails sometimes do not repsond well to topical therapy, and are treated orally with? | griseofulvin
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| The pathogen of histoplasmosis is? | Histoplasma capsulatum
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| histoplasmosis is trasmitted by? | inhalation of spores in dry, dusty contaminated soil
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| histoplasmosis is the most common ________ caused by a fungus? | respiratory disease
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| Histoplasma capsulatum is a ____ fungus. | dimorphic
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| Histoplasma capsulatum can grow as a _____ above 35 C and produces ______ below that temperature | yeast, mycelia
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| 35 C is equivlent to what degree in farenheit? | 95
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| Histoplasma capsulatum is found in soil where _____or______dropping are plentiful. | bat, bird
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| people can become infected with histoplasmosis by exploring_______. | caves
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| pople can become infected with histoplasmosis when they clean__________. | chicken coops
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| people can become infected with histoplasmosis when they enter_______ , _______ or other bird roosting areas. | attics, barns
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| histoplasmosis occurs worldwide. In the US it occurs mostly in the ?? | Ohio-Mississippi River Valley.
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| About _____% of the long term residents in the Ohio-Mississippi River Valley have been infected by histoplasmosis at some time. | 80%
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| Histoplasmosis is treated by? | amphotericin B
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| What is the pathogen for Blastomycosis? | Blastomyces dermatitidis
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| Blastomycosis is transmitted by__________ and ________ | dusty soil and bird droppings
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| Blastomycosis symptoms start in the lungs, and appear as pulmonary _____? | TB
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| Blastomycosis symplotms include _____ and _____ | cough and chest pain
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| Blastomycosis symptoms more often than not also affects? | the skin, bones and testes
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| Cutaneous Blastomycosis causes raised _________ usually on exposed areas such as the face and hands | wartlike lesions
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| Treatment for Blastomycosis is_______? | self limiting in mild cases, amphotericin B for severe cases
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| Without treatment, systemic blastomycosis is _______ | fatal
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| What is the pathogen of coccidiodomycosis | Coccidioides immitis
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| coccidiodomycosis is transmitted by_______ | inhalation of spores in the dust into the lungs
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| Within the US, coccidiodomycosis is found where? | San Joaquin Valley of California, the southwest,parts of Mexico, and South America
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| What do the areas where coccidiodomycosis is found have in common? | wemiarid climate and alkaline soil
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| What is the treatment for coccidiodomycosis? | it is self limiting, in severe cases --amphotericin B
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