Genetic Unit Key
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| Heredity - | The passing of characteristics from parents to children
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| Trait - | a genetically determined characteristic or condition
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| Purebred - | cultivated varieties or cultivars of an animal species, achieved through the process of selective breeding
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| Hybrid - | the result of breeding two different animals or species
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| Offspring - | - the product of the reproductive process of an animal. A child
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| Gene - | The working subunits of DNA
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| Alleles - | One or two more versions of a gene
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| Dominant - | a gene that is stronger than a recessive one
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| Recessive - | a gene that is weaker than a dominant one
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| Phenotype - | physical characteristics of an organism
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| Genotype - | genetic makeup
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| Homozygous - | having identical pairs of genes for any given pair of heredity characteristics
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| Heterozygous - | having unidentical pairs of genes for any given pair of heredity characteristics
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| Codominance - | equally strong/weak gene that is not masked by the other
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| Meiosis - | a parent cell replicates and recombines, divides once to create two daughter cells, then divides again creating four daughter cells, etc...
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| Haploid cells - | A cell that is the result of meiosis and has half the number of chromosomes as the original cell.
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| Diploid cells - | A cell that is the result of mitosis and has the same number of chromosomes as the original cell.
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| Mutations - | a natural process that changes a DNA sequence.
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| Insertion - | The addition of one or more nucleotide base pairs into a DNA sequence
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| Deletion - | A mutation in which part of a chromosome or a sequence of DNA is lost during DNA replication
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| Substitution - | a type of point mutation in which a single nucleotide is substituted with a different nucleotide
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| Sex-linked gene - | a trait that is only carried by males/females
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| Carrier - | an individual who carries and is capable of passing on a genetic mutation associated with a disease and may/may not show symptoms
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| Sex chromosome - | XX or XY Chromosomes
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| Genetic disorder - | a disease or disorder caused by a defective gene
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| Pedigree - | History of the family members in a person’s or animal's past
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| Selective breeding - | process in which animals/plants selectively choose their mates
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| Inbreeding - | sexual reproduction of the offspring of closely related or organisms that are closely related genetically
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| Hybridization - | the process of combining breeding individuals from genetically distinct populations to produce a hybrid
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| Clone - | an organism whose genetic info is identical to that of a parent organism from which it was created
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| Genetic Engineering - | the direct manipulation of an organism's genome using biotechnology
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| Gene therapy - | experimental technique used to treat/cure disease.
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