Vocabulary for Matter and Elements
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| Matter | Anything that takes up space and has mass.
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| Mass | The material that matter is made up of.
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| Volume | How much room/space an object takes up.
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| Density | Density = Mass/Volume The amount of material matter takes up within a specific space.
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| Atom | Smallest particle of an element, everything is made up of them.
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| Electron | Particle of an atom with a negative charge that moves in the nucleus and has an attractive force to bond with other atoms.
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| Proton | Particle of an atom with a positive charge and is located inside the nucleus.
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| Neutron | Particle of an atom with a neutral charge and is located inside the nucleus.
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| Periodic Table | A large table that identifies and classifies all elements by their chemical and physical properties.
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| Element | A pure substance that cannot be broken down and makes up all matter in the universe.
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| Periods/Rows | Rows that tell you how many shells each element has for the electrons to move around.
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| Groups or Families/Columns | Columns that tell the number of valence electrons an element has.
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| Valence Electrons | The electrons that move on the outer shell of an atoms.
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| Atomic Number | How many protons an element has inside the nucleus (usually is the same number of neutrons and electrons)
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| Atomic Mass | The measurement of the mass for an elements atoms.
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| Chemical Property | The ability of substances to combine with one another to form a new substance.
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| Physical Property | The state of matter and appearance of a substance.
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| Ionic Bond | When elements either lose or gain an electron during bonding
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| Covalent Bond | When elements share electrons during bonding.
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| Chemical Change/Reaction | Elements bond together through the attractive force of electrons creating some type of reaction or change
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| Compound/Molecule | Two or more elements combine together in a specific ratio/pattern creating a whole, new and different substance
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| Mixture | Two or more substances combine together keeping their original properties, they do not change into a new substance/compound
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| Nobel Gases | All of the elements in Group #18 - they are the most stable elements because they have eight electrons in their outer shell
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| Halogens | All of the elements in Group #17 - they are very reactive and bond easily with elements in Group #1 because they have seven valence electrons and want to be stable
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| Alkali Metals | All of the elements in Group #1 - they are very reactive because they have only one valence electron
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| Metalloids | Elements between metals and non-metals that can react either way, they have 3-7 valence electrons
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| Endothermic | A chemical reaction that takes in energy to make the temperature decrease.
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| Exothermic | A chemical reaction that releases energy to make the temperature increase.
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You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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