Burns (PTA)
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Superficial Burn | -Outer Epidermis
-red, slight edema
-no scarring
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| Superficial Partial-Thickness Burn | -Epidermis + Upper Dermis
-extreme pain with blisters
-minimal to no scarring
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| Deep Partial-Thickness Burn | -Epidermis + most of Dermis
-discolored, broken blisters, edema
-moderate pain (damage to nerve endings)
-hypertrophic scars & keloids
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| Full-Thickness Burn | -Epidermis+Dermis+ Subcutaneous fat(partial)
-minimal pain, eschar
-require grafts & susceptible to infection
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| Subdermal Burn | -Epidermis + Dermis + Subcutaneous fat layer
-involve muscle & bone
-require surgery
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| Thermal Burn | -Conduction or Convection
I.e. steam, fire, hot liquid
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| Electrical Burn | -Entrance & Exit Wound
I.e. Lightening
Complications: cardiac, respiratory, renal, neuro., fractures
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| Chemical Burn | -Chem. reaction continues until diluted
I.e. gasoline, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, lye
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| According to the Rule of 9's, what % of the body are the entire HEAD & NECK? (adult/young child) | Adult: 9%
Child: 17%
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| According to the Rule of 9's, what % of the body is the ANTERIOR TRUNK? (adult/young child) | Adult & Child: 18%
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| According to the Rule of 9's, what % of the body is the POSTERIOR TRUNK? (adult/young child) | Adult & Child: 18%
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| According to the Rule of 9's, what % of the body is the ENTIRE TRUNK? (adult/young child) | Adult & Child: 36%
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| According to the Rule of 9's, what % of the body is (B)ANTERIOR ARM, FOREARM & HAND? (adult/young child) | Adult & Child: 9%
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| According to the Rule of 9's, what % of the body is (B)ENTIRE ARM, FOREARM & HAND? (adult/young child) | Adult & Child: 18%
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| According to the Rule of 9's, what % of the body is the LEFT ANTERIOR ARM, FOREARM & HAND? (adult/young child) | Adult & Child: 4.5%
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| According to the Rule of 9's, what % of the body is the GENITAL REGION? (adult/young child) | Adult & Child: 1%
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| According to the Rule of 9's, what % of the body is the (B) ANTERIOR LEG & FOOT?(adult/young child) | Adult & Child: 18%
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| According to the Rule of 9's, what % of the body is the RIGHT POSTERIOR LEG & FOOT? (adult/young child) | Adult & Child: 9%
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| Zone of Coagulation | -Most severe injury
-Irreversible cell damage
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| Zone of Stasis | -Less severe injury
-Reversible damage
-Surrounds Zone of Coagulation
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| Zone of Hyperemia | -Will fully recover
-Presents with Inflammation
-Surrounds Zone of Stasis
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| Ideal Positioning of the NECK | extension
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| Ideal Positioning of the SHOULDER | External rotation
Flexion, aBduction <90 degrees
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| Ideal Positioning of the ELBOW | Extension,
Supination
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| Ideal Positioning of the WRIST | Extension
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| Ideal Positioning of the HAND | MCP flexion
IP extension
Thumb opposition
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| Ideal Positioning of the HIP | extension, neutral rotation
20 degrees aBduction
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| Ideal Positioning of the KNEE | full extension
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| Ideal Positioning of the ANKLE | dorsiflexion,
neutral eversion/inversion
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| Allograft (homograft) | temporary skin graft from another human (cadaver)
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| Autograft | permanent skin graft from pt’s own body
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| Heterograft (xenograft) | temporary skin graft from another species (pig)
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| Mesh Graft | altered to cover larger surface area
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| Sheet Graft | transferred directly from donor site to recipient site
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| Split-Thickness Skin Graft | only a superficial layer of the dermis + the epidermis
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| Full-Thickness Skin Graft | dermis + epidermis
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| Dermis | vascular; below epidermis; contains: hair follicles, sebaceous & sweat glands
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| Epidermis | superficial avascular; allows for hair follicles, sebaceous & sweat glands
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| Donor Site | healthy skin taken & used as a graft
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| Recipient Site | site that has been burned and requires a graft
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| Eschar | necrotic/nonviable tissue resulting from deep burn; hard, dry, abnormal, black
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| Escharotomy | surgical removal of eschar…done to enhance CIRCULATION
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| Z-plasty | surgical procedure to eliminate scar contracture…”z” incision allows scar to lengthen
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| Hypertrophic scarring | abnormal/disorganized scar formation; raised, firm scar with no pattern
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| Normotrophic scarring | scar with organized collagen fibers that align in a parallel fashion
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| Pressure Garments | sustained pressure to improve structure of a scar; worn 22-23 hrs/day up to 2 yrs.
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