10 week CFA
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Latitude | A measurement of distance in degrees north and south of the equator
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| Latitude | Derived from the Latin word, “latus”, meaning “wide.”
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| Equator | The longest of all lines of latitude
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| Equator | Divides the earth in half and is measured as 0° (Zero degrees).
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| Longitude | A measurement of distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian
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| Longitude | Derived from the Latin word, “longus”, meaning “length.”
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| Weathering | The process by which natural forces break down rock
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| Mechanical Weathering | The breakdown of rock into smaller pieces of the same material without changing its composition.
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| 4 types of mechanical weathering | 1. ice wedging
2. pressure release
3. plant root growth
4. abrasion
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| Chemical Weathering | The breakdown or decomposition of rock that takes place when minerals change through a chemical reaction.
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| 2 types of chemical weathering | 1. rusting
2. dissolving
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| What are the 3 things that affect the rate at which weathering occurs | 1. Surface Area
2.. Rock Composition
3. Climate
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| Surface Area | The more of this that is exposed, the faster the rock will break down
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| Rock Composition | Sedimentary rocks will breakdown easier than igneous
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| Chemical Weathering | This type of weathering occurs faster in hot, wet regions than it does in cold dry ones.
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| Mechanical Weathering | This type of weathering is more common in cold regions than warm.
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| Soil is a mixture of these four things: | 1. weathered rock particles
2. organic matter (humus)
3. water
4. air
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| The kind of soil that forms in an area depends on these six factors: | 1. The kinds of rock in an area
2. The climate in an area
3. Landforms such as mountains and valleys in an area
4. Plants in the area
5. Animals in the area
6. The amount of time that has gone by
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| Indentify three land use practices that can harm soil | 1. Farming and overgrazing
2. Construction and development
3. Mining
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| Identify five ways in which soil can be protected and conserved | 1. Crop rotation
2. Conservation tillage
3. Terrace farming
4. Contour plowing
5. Wind breaks
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| Erosion | The process in which weathered rock particles are picked up and moved from one place to another.
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| What are four agents of erosion? | Water, wind, ice, and gravity
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| Deposition | The process in which sediment is placed in a new location or deposited.
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| Creep | Slow downhill movement of soil in response to freezing, thawing and the pull of gravity.
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| Slump | Slow slippage of rock layers or a large mass of loose materials
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| Rockslide | Sudden mass movement of falling rocks, most likely to occur on the steep rocky slopes of mountains.
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| Mudslide | Mass movement of heavy, water saturated layers of sediment that flow easily downhill, move anything in their path, and can be highly destructive.
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| Topography | All natural and human-made surface
features of a particular area
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| Contour Line | A line on a topographic map that joins areas of equal elevation.
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| Elevation | A measure of how high something is above or below a reference point , such as sea level.
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| Contour Interval | On a topographic map, the difference
in elevation from one contour line to the next.
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| Meander | Bends or curves in a river
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| Drainage Basin | An area of land in which water drains into a stream system.
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| Divide | A ridge from which water drains from one side or the other.
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| Flood Plain | A flat area of land on either side of a stream that becomes flooded when a river overflows its bank.
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| Alluvial Fan | A fan shaped deposit at the base of a slope, formed as water flows down the slope and spreads at the bottom
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| Delta | An area of land at the end, or mouth, of a river that is formed by the build up of sediment.
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