astronomy
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| light-years are a measure of ... | distance
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| A light year is a measure of how far _ can travel in __. | light... one year
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| We use the method of __ to determine how far away stars are from Earth. | parallax
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| If a star moves a lot in the sky from winter to summer, it is ___ than other stars that did not move much. | closer
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| All stars are huge spheres of .. | gases
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| Stars release huge amounts of ... | energy
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| A stars __ reveals its temperature | color
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| What is fusion? | When two atoms are smashed together to form a new kind of atom
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| What is the "fuel" of a star? | hydrogen
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| We classify stars according to their __, __ and __ | size, temperature, luminosity (and color)
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| What class of star is our suN? | G
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| How bright a star looks from Earth depends on | a) distance from Earthb) absolute magnitude (how bright it really is)
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| What is absolute magnitude? | How bright a star really is, compared to other stars
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| What is apparent magnitude? | How bright a star appears from Earth
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| In main sequence stars, the ___ a star the hotter, brighter, and faster it burns. | bigger
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| What are the classes of stars in order of hottest to coldest? | O B A F G K M
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| In stars, the gas ___ undergoes fusion to become ___. | 2 atoms of hydrogen.... 1 atom helium
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| Our sun is a __ sized star. | Medium
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| When our sun nears the end of its life, it will form a __ but not a __ or a __. | white dwarf.... not a black hole or neutron star
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| What color are class K stars? | orange
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| What color are class O stars? | Blue/White
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| What color are class B stars? | Blue/White
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| What color are class M stars? | red
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| What color are class A stars? | White
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| What color are class G stars? | yellow
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| What color are class F stars? | pale yellow
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| Our solar system is a ___ system. | single star system
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| What is an eclipsing binary? | When two stars in a binary system are moving past each other, and one appears to eclipse the other.
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| What 2 kinds of evidence do we have that a star is a binary system, even if we can't see the 2nd star? | a) wobble b) eclipsing
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| How many galaxies are in our universe? | 40 billion is the best estimate we have now
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| In a binary system, when one star's gravity affects the other and makes it move back and forth, this is called... | wobble
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| How many stars are in a galaxy? | billions, if not trillions
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| What is the name of our galaxy? | The milky way
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| What shape is the milky way galaxy? | spiral
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| What is the nearest galaxy to the milky way? What is its shape? | Andromeda, it's spiral shaped
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| What is the next nearest star to our sun? | Alpha Centauri <- this is not on your test
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| What is a "falling star" really? | meteor
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| What is an asteroid? | a huge rock in space
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| What is a meteoroid? | a small rock in space
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| What is a meteor? | A meteoroid that has entered Earth's atmosphere
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| A red giant will form either a ___ in large stars or a ___ in massive stars. | neutron star, black hole
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| Small and medium stars will form a __ at the end of their life cycle, which will form a ___ when it runs out of energy. | White dwarf ... black dwarf
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| What is a star explosion called? | Supernova
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| What is a comet? | A huge chunk of ice and dirt that revolves around the sun like the planets do
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| What is a meteorite? | a space rock on Earth's surface
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| All stars start out as a ... | nebula
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| When the gases in a nebula stick together due to gravity, they form a... | protostar
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| A protostar does not become a real star until ___ starts. | fusion
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| One possible theory of what happens to our universe when it finishes expanding, is that it will ___. This is called the ___. | contract..... "big crunch"
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| A black hole has such strong ___ that it pulls in everything, even light. | gravity
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| How old is our sun? | 4.6 billion years
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| How old is the universe? | 10-15 billion years
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| Our universe is constantly ___ and has been ever since the big bang occured ___ years ago. | expanding, 10-15 billion years
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| What is the most universally accepted theory of how the universe began? | the big bang theory
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| What was Edwin Hubble's theory? | That the galaxies that are farther away from the Milky Way, are moving away faster than close galaxies
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| The name for a galaxy with a black hole at its center is | quasar
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| The name for a neutron star that gives off radio waves is | pulsar
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| What star is even more dense than white dwarfs? | neutron stars
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| Only the most massive stars become __ when they die. | black holes
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| What happens after a star is a giant or supergiant, depends on the star's ___. | mass
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| What is the next closest galaxy to ours? | Andromeda
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| What shape is the Andromeda galaxy? | spiral
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| What shape is the milky way galaxy? | spiral
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| What are the 3 shapes of galaxies? | spiral, elliptical, irregular
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| Galaxies with very little dust in them, do not... | make new stars
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| How many stars are in a galaxy? | billions, if not trillions
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| What is the name of our galaxy? | The milky way
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| What are the hottest and brightest stars called? | blue giants
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| What are the cool, bright stars called that are the end of a star's life cycle? | red giants or red supergiants
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| What are small, white, dim stars called? | White dwarfs
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| A star spends most of its lifetime as a __ star. | main sequence
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| List the planets in our solar system from closest to the sun to the farthest: | mercury, venus, earth, mars, jupiter, saturn, uranus, neptune
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| How can we remember the order of the planets? | My very educated mother just served us nachos.
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