Internal Parasites
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| Major Internal Parasites | Large strongyles, Small strongyles, ascarid (roundworms), tapeworms
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| Minor Internal Parasites | bots, pinworms, lungworms and threadworms.
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| In the life cycle of the parasite the egg.. | or larvae are deposited on the ground in the manure of an infected horse, contaminating the environment. The eggs develop in the environment and swallowed by the grazing horse and the larvae mature in the horse's digestive tract. Repeat.
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| Clinical signs of internal parasites- | dull, rough hair coat; loss of condition, poor performance, unthrity (not thriving as well as everyone else), lethargy/depression, colic, diarrhea and pot belly (young horses)
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| Samll Strongyles- ? worms/horse; transmission time ?; life cycle ? and reason such a problem | internal parasite of highest concern; >100,000 worms/horse, Transmission occurs in Nov-Apr, very short life cycle at 4-6 weeks, and resistant to many dewormers
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| Small Strongyles symptoms are: | Colic, diarrhea (common to this because cx cysts in the small intestines), ill-thrift, loss of body condition. Subclinical disease is more common and may result in great economic losses. Takes a long time to get actual problem.
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| Large Strongyles are the ? because migrate into the ... and cause colic. Prevented through.. | Most deadly because can migrate into blood vessels in the intestine and cause colic and thrombosis of large vessels. Because of tx with ivermectin or moxidectin at least 2 x a year very rare.
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| Roundworms or (?)- biggest problem in ... | Ascarids, biggest problem in foals to yearlings as adults devlop an immunity.
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| Round worms dx?, Control? | Diagnosis is through eggs in feces; Control is through strict sanitation, routine treatment and deworming every 30-60 days until 9 months old
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| Tapeworms in Florida are found in --% of horses. Are ------ to see on fecal exam because .. | Found in 82% of Florida horses, mostly in young and old horses; difficult to see on fecal because GI tract is so low.
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| Treatment for tapeworms is... | dewroming twice a year with Praziquantel or a double does of strongid.
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| Tapeworms are found in (will be on test) | Ileo-cecal valve, and disrupt motility and cause colic.
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| Bots (Gastrophilus) are .. | flying insects that lay eggs on the leg hairs and horses inadvertently swallow eggs and larvae hatch and attach in the stomach. Remove bot eggs from hairs, hard to remove very sticky. Can infect your eyes as a m.o.i.
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| Threadwroms (Strongyloides) | Only a concern with young foals, contamination through milk, very quickly develop an immunity. Causes diarrhea in babies.
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| Signs of Dental Disease | Weight loss, dropping feed, colic, choke (esophageal obstruction-can swallow on teeth)
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| Dental Car is require because | horses teeth grow continously, to check for congenital defects, young horses should be done every 6 mo till 5. Then once a year.
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| Important because as teeth grow, the teeth | Get bad because getting pointing on buckle side of the top jaw and lingual side of the bottom jaw.
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| Foot care: | Should be done every 6-9 weeks and shod ever 5-7 weeks.
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