Integrated Science I ST Mid-term
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| endotherm | an animal that regulates its body temeperature to maintain a constant internal temperature
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| transfer of heat in gases and liquids
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| ectotherm | an animal whose body temperature can adjust to the environment
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| conductor | material that conducts heat easily
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| thermal expansion | expansion of matter caused by heating
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| specific heat | amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1g of a substance 1 degree
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| radiation | transfer of energy through space
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| potential | stored energy
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| convection | movement of gases or liquids caused by differences in density
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| conduction | process of heat transfer in solids
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| insulator | material that does not conduct heat easily
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| thermal pollution | damage that occurs when waste heat enters the environment
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| law of conservation of energy | energy cannot be created or destroyed, but only change form
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| kinetic energy | energy of motion
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| A diver on a diving board has which kind of energy? | gravitational potential energy
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| Which kind of energy played a major role in sculpting the earth's surface? | kinetic energy
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| Who introduced the law of conservation of energy? | Jonas Salk
Albert Einstein
Edwin Hubble
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| When you turn on a light, electrical energy is turned into light and | heat
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| chemical | energy stored in the head of a match
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| nuclear | energy used to keep protons and neutrons tightly bound together
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| electrical | energy that runs a toaster oven
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| electromagnetic | energy that heats food in a microwave oven
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| heat (thermal) | energy released when you rub your habds together
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| mechanical | energy stored in a spring on a toy car
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| Atomic Number | total mass of protons and neutrons, an average of all an element's atomic mass
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| electron cloud | the area around the nucleus of an atom that contains energy levels
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| neutron | particle has no charge
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| electron | particle that has a negative charge
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| proton | particle that has a postive charge
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| element | a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances
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| period | horizontal row in the periodic table of elements
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| group | vertical column in the periodic table of elements
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| family | elements that have the same properties, for example: heavy metals that are brittle
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| chemical symbol | shortened way of writing the name of an element
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| atomic number | number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
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| atomic mass | number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
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| isotope | atom of an element with the same number of protons as the other atoms of the element, but have a different number of neutrons
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| atom | smallest part of an element that can be identified as that element
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| ion | a charged atom
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| troposhere | lowest layer of the atmosphere where weather occurs
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| atmosphere | layer of gases that surrounds the Earth
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| sea breeze | a breeze that blows from the ocean to the earth
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| air current | up and down movement of air
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| cellular respiration | process by which cells release energy from food molecules
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| photosynthesis | process by which plants produce food from the sun
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| ultra violet light | harmful sunlight blocked by the ozone layer
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| matter | anything that has mass and volume
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| radiant energy | energy given off by the sun that can travel through empty space
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| oxygen | gas that makes up 21% of the atmosphere
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| nitrogen | gas that makes up 78% of the atmosphere
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| trace gases | gases that make up less than .05% of the atmosphere
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| heat from the earth's surface warms the atmosphere by | radiation and conduction
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| sources of CO2 are | industry, cars, animals (respiration)
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| 2 sinks (resevoirs) of CO2 are | oceans, plants
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| 3 reasons why oxygen is important | photosynthesis, combines with H to form water vapor, cellular respiration
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| biodegradable | material that breaks down easily
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| desalination | process of getting fresh water from salt water
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| conservation | wise use of resources
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| acid rain | rain containing acids produced by water chemically combining with certain gases
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| pollutant | anything that harms the environment
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| geothermal | energy produced from inside the earth
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| hard water | water containing a lot of minerals especially calcium and magnesium
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| wildlife | all plants and animals that live in an area
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| natural resource | material from the earth taht is used by living things
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| solar cells | device that converts sunlight into electricity
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| litter | materials that are carelessly thrown away
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| nuclear | energy produced by splitting or combining atoms
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| environment | everything that surrounds a living thing
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| hydro electric power | electrical energy produced from moving water
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| pollution | harmful substance in the environment
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| smog | mixture of smoke, fog and chemicals
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| soft water | water containing few or no minerals
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| sewage | wastes usually flushed away in water
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| solar energy | energy from the sun
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| recycling | using a natural resource again
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| climate | the average conditions of an area over many years
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| climate change | the change in climate over a long period of time which can range from decades to centuries
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| greenhouse effect | the natural warming of the arth that keeps the planet habitable
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| carbon cycle | the global exchange of carbon among its reservoirs
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| feddback loop | an example of a _______ would be the warming oceans prevent carbon from dissolving causing CO2 buildup in the atmosphere which causes oceans to become even warmer
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| 7 | neutral on the ph scale
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| 5 | rain has a natural ph of
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| global warming | which effect is NOT caused by acid rain
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| eutrophication | the build up of nutirents in lakes that causes green algae to grow out of control
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| mercury | a poisonous element that pollutes water and builds up in fish
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| Carbon Dioxide, CO2 | an increase in this gas causes air temperatures to rise
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| renewable resource | an energy resource that can be reused
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| nitrogen fixing bacteria | nitrogen would not be available for plants to take up without
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| industrial chemicals such as CFCs | cause the destruction of ozone
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| carbon Dioxide, CO2 | the burning of fossil fuels releases which gas into the air?
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| seasons, temperature, moisture and weather | what four factors affect climate?
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| eccentricity, procession, axial tilt | what three factors makeup the Milankovitch Cycle?
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| CFCs, CO2 and tractor trailer trucks | what causes acid rain?
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| nitrogen oxide, CFCs | what two gases are released into the air that causes acid rain?
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| CO2, methane, water vapor | what are three main greenhouse gases?
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| increases temperatures | what effect do greenhouse gases have on temperatures?
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| sea level rise, severe weather, disease, drought | two effects of global warming are
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| greenhouse gases naturally blanketing the earth | the greenhouse effect is caused by
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| increase | water is a greenhouse gas so it causes temperatures to
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