Key terms from IOC4 Module 4
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| 1756 - 1763 The "French and Indian" war. Worldwide conflict that pitted Britain against France for control of North America. With help from the American colonies the British won the war and eliminated France as a power in North America. | The Seven-Years Wa
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| British proclamation that forbid Americans from moving west of the Appalachians mountains onto Indian lands. | Proclamation of 1763
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| 1764 - First duties imposed by Britain on the colonies. Instituted tough collections, expanded jurisdiction of courts, and included provisions targeted at smuggling and bribery of customs officials. | The Sugar Act
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| 1765 - Legislation that required all printed documents to bear revenue stamps purchased from royal stamp distriubuters. Act was repealed after 1 year. | The Stamp Act
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| 1767- Duties passed on American imports of paper, glass, paint, and tea. The colonies revolted by boycotting British goods. | Townsend Duties
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| 1766- Act passed to declare supremacy of Parliament over the American colonies "in all cases whatsoever" | Declaratory Acts
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| 1774 - Response to Boston Tea Party 2. Restructured Mass government to appointed body and limited meetings to 1 per year3. Allowed royal governors to tto avoid conviction4. Authorized British army to quarter anywhere they were needed | Coervice Acts
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| 1773 - Designed to save the East Indian Tea company. Triggered the Boston tea party because the Townsend duties had still not been repealed and it appeared to again allow for taxation without representation. | Tea Act
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| 1774 - Expanded Quebec province boundary south to the Ohio and West to the Mississippi and made no provision for an elected assembly and granted French speaking Roman Catholics a large voice in local affairs. | Quebec Act
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| A secret organization of American patriots which originated in the Thirteen Colonies during the American Revolution. British authorities and their supporters known as Loyalists. | Sons of Liberty
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| 1770 - A violent confrontation between British troops and Boston mob. 5 citizens were killed when troops fired into the crowd. | Boston Massacre
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| American name for the Coercive acts | Intolerable Acts
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| 1663 - Required all European goods bound for America (or other colonies) to be shipped through England or Wales first. Cargo would then be shipped English owned vessels. | Navigation Acts
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| 1775 - General Gage, Paul Revere. British army kills 8 American Minutemen outside of Concord. | The shot heard around the world
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| April 19, 1775 First shots fired between British army and American Militia. | Battle of Lexington
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| Just after confrontation at Lexington, British Army was searching this city looking for arms and weapons. | Battle of Concord
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| 1777-1778 6 month encampment of the Continental army and George Washington. 2500 died. | Valley Forge
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| 1781 - Surrender of general Cornwallis to George Washington and French forces. French Navy cut off British escape over the Chesapeake bay and Washington and French land forces encircled the British on land. | Battle of Yorktown
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| 1774- Meeting of delegates from 12 colonies in Philadelphia. The Congress denied Parliament's right to rule the colonies, condemned British actions towards the colonies, created the Continental Association, and endorsed a call to arms. | First Continental Congress
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| 1775- Meeting in Philadelphia during the unfolding of British military action. Organized Continental Army, Commissioned George Washington to lead the Army, and began requisitioning men and supplies for the war effort. | Second Continental Congress
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| 1781 - United States first constitution, providing a framework for national government. Articles limited central authority by denying the national government any taxation or coercive powers. | Articles of Confederation
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| 1776 - July 4th - Statement adopted by the second Continental Congress announcing that the 13 colonies were no longer part of the British Empire. | Declaration of Independence
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| 1783-1784 Formally ended the America Revolutionary war between Britain and the 13 colonies of the United States. Transferred all land east of the Mississippi (excluding Florida) to the colonies. | Treaty of Paris
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| 1756-1836 Third VP under Jefferson (tied with 73 electoral votes). Dueled Hamilton 1804. | Aaron Burr
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| 1735-1818 American silversmith and patriot. Midnight ride warning about arrival of British forces | Paul Revere
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| 1757-1834 served in the Continental army under George Washington. Assisted at Cornwallis. First honorary citizen of the U.S. | General LaFayette
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| 1631-1704 English philosopher and believer in the "social contract". The government authority is by consent of the governed. | John Locke
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| an American politician, the fourth President of the United States (1809–1817). He was the principal author of the document. In 1788, he wrote over a third of the Federalist Papers, still the most influential commentary on the Constitution | James Madison
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| the fifth President of the United States (1817–1825). Acquisition of Florida (1819); the Missouri Compromise (1820), in which Missouri was declared a slave state; the admission of Maine in 1820 as a free state; and the Monroe Doctrine | James Monroe
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| one of the Founding Fathers of the United States of America. A noted polymath, he was a leading author and printer, satirist, political theorist, politician, scientist, inventor, civic activist, statesman, and diplomat. | Benjamin Franklin
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| Served as the first President of the United States of America (1789–1797),[4] and led the Continental Army to victory over the Kingdom of Great Britain in the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783). | George Washington
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| He was elected second President of the United States (1797–1801) after serving as America's first Vice President (1789–1797) for two terms. He is regarded as one of the most influential Founding Fathers of the United States. | John Adams
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| an American statesman, politician, writer and political philosopher, brewer, and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. | Samuel Adams
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| American revolutionary. Leader of the "Green Mountain Boys" who were battling NY over NewHampshire land grants. Pushed for recognition of Vermont as a state. | Ethan Allen
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| US acquisition of the Louisiana Territory from France in 1803 for $15 million. Purchase secured control of the Mississippi river and doubled the size of the nation. | Louisianna Purchase
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| the seventh President of the United States (1829–1837). He was military governor of Florida (1821), commander of the American forces at the Battle of New Orleans (1815), and eponym of the era of Jacksonian democracy. | Andrew Jackson
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| 1838-1839 The Cherokee were forced to evacuate their lands in Georgia and travel under military guard to present-day Oklahoma. 1/4 of the 16,000 migrated died en route due to exposure and diseases. | Trail of Tears
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| The sixteenth President of the United States. He successfully led the country through its greatest internal crisis, the American Civil War, only to be assassinated as the war was coming to an end | Abraham Lincoln
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| January 1 1863 - Lincoln proclaims that the slaves in the Confederacy were free. Since the war was not over the proclamation did not immediately free anyone, but it made emancipation an explicit war aim of the North. | Emancipation Proclamation
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| also known as the War Between the States and several other names, was a civil war in the United States of America. Eleven Southern slave states declared their secession from the U.S. and formed the Confederate States of America (the Confederacy). | The Civil War
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| The twenty-sixth President of the United States. Youngest president in history (42) he became president after McKinely died from an gunshot wound that was a result of an assassination attempt. | Theodore Roosevelt
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| Armed military conflict between Spain and the United States that took place between April and August 1898, over the issues of the liberation of Cuba. | Spanish American War
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| 1903 - 1914: Roosevelt negotiated for the U.S. to take control of this area and its construction in 1904; he felt the Canal's completion was his most important and historically significant international achievement. | Panama Canal
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| International negotiations backed by the threat of force. The phrase comes from a proverb quoted by Theodore Roosevelt, who said that the United States should “Speak softly and carry a big stick.” | “Big Stick” diplomacy
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| the twenty-eighth President of the United States. A leading intellectual of the Progressive Era, he served as President of Princeton University and then became the Governor of New Jersey in 1910. | Woodrow Wilson
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| 1918 - Woodrow Wilsons non punitive settlement of WWI. Called for removal of trade barriers, open peace accords, reduction of armaments, and establishment of the League of nations. The Treaty of Versaille ended the war. | "the Fourteen Points"
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| Wilsons policy that rejected the approach of dollar diplomacy (diplomacy based on common economic incentives). Rather than focus on economic ties Wilson's policy was designed to bring right principles to the world. | Moral Diplomacy
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| The spark that set off the war was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife by Gavrilo Princip in Sarajevo, Bosnia, in June 1914. | WWI
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| a supranational organization founded as a result of the Treaty of Versailles in 1919–1920. Core members included US, Great Britain, France, Italy, and Japan with another 4 nations to be elected. Precursor to the UN. | League of Nation
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| the thirty-second President of the United States. Elected to four terms in office, he served from 1933 to 1945 and is the only U.S. president to have served more than two terms. | Franklin D. Roosevelt
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| FDR's program of legislation to combat the Great Depression. It included measures aimed at relief, reform, and recovery. They achieved some relief and considerable reform, but little recovery. | The New Deal
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| the thirty-third President of the United States (1945–1953). As the thirty-fourth vice president, he succeeded Franklin D. Roosevelt, who died less than three months after he began his fourth term. | Harry S. Truman
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| On the morning of August 6, 1945, at 8:15, the B-29 bomber Enola Gay dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima. Two days later the U.S. military proceeded with its plans to drop a second atomic bomb. On August 9, Nagasaki was also devastated. | First uses of the Atomic Bomb
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| On July 26, 1948, President Truman issued Executive Order 9981 establishing equality of treatment and opportunity in the Armed Services. | Executive Order 9981/Desegregating the military
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| the thirty-fourth President of the United States from 1953 until 1961 and a five-star general in the United States Army. During the Second World War, he served as Supreme Commander of the Allied forces in Europe. | Dwight D. Eisenhower
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| Term used by Eisenhower to warn about the danger of massive defense spending and the close relationship between the armed forces and the industrial corporations that supplied their weapons. | Military industrial complex
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| the state of conflict, tension and competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies from the mid-1940s to the early 1990s. | The Cold War
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| the thirty-fifth President of the United States, serving from 1961 until his assassination in 1963. Founded NASA and proposed what would become the Civil Rights act. | John F. Kennedy
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| the thirty-sixth President of the United States (1963–1969) and thirty-seventh Vice President of the United States (1961–1963). Founder of "the Greaty Society" and began sending armed forces into Vietnam | Lyndon B. Johnson
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| - LBJ is awarded authority by congress to send armed forces into Vietnam. Escalated forces to 500k by 1968 while pretending the conflict was a minor engagement. | 1964 - Gulf of Tonkin resolution
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| The thirty-seventh President of the United States (1969–1974), and the only president to ever resign from office. He was also the thirty-sixth Vice President of the United States (1953–1961). | Richard M. Nixon
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| Break-in at the DNC offices in the under the direction of White House employees. Disclosure of the White House involvement and subsequent cover-up forced Nixon to resign. | Watergate Scandal
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| a German-born American bureaucrat, diplomat and winner of the Nobel Peace Prize. He served as National Security Advisor and later concurrently as Secretary of State in the Richard Nixon administration. | Henry Kissinger
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| the fortieth President of the United States (1981–1989) and the thirty-third Governor of California (1967–1975). | Ronald Regan
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| Supply-side economicc plan. Reduced government spending, reduce tax on labor and capital income, reduce government regulation, control money supply to prevent inflation. | Reganomics
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