The Challenges of Urbanization (262)
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| Define urbanization | rapid growth of cities, mostly in the northeast and midwest
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| Why did most immigrants live in large cities? | they were cheap and provided many jobs
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| This program started by the government helped teach immigrants to read and taught them American History as well as etiquette and cooking | The Americanization Movement
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| What was hindering the Americanization movement? | tight-knit ethnic communities that insisted on practicing their own culture and language
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| New farm innovations were good because they increased crop production. Why were they bad? | They required less people to work in fields so fieldworkers moved into the city
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| For once racial tension between blacks and whites occured in the NORTH. Why? | Blacks who used to work on farms now had no jobs, they moved to the city and were competition just like immigrants
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| Row houses were important in new housing technology what were they? | dwellings that shared side walls with other similar buildings that were tightly packed together onto a block
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| tenements, or multi-family urban dwellings were orginally built for ___________ but when immigrants arrived became _______________ | single families; overcrowded and unsanitary
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| The governments attempts to make tenements cleaner _______________ | backfired. people nailed windows and air vents shut because people would put trash in them that would smell and attract vermin.
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| what is mass transit? | transportation systems designed to move large amounts of people on fixed routes
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| What was the most common form of mass transit at the time? | street cars
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| This was an ongoing task for political leaders, a safety hazard that was very hard to fix | sanitation, there was no trash collection, sewage system, or clean water
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| Why was fire such an issue? | there werent many water sources to put it out and almost all buildings were made of wood
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| What were the ideals of the social Gospel Movement? | salvation through service to the poor
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| What were settlement houses? | community centers in the slums that helped provide assistance to poor people and immigrants
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