Population terms
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| Demographic Transition | The process of change in a society's population froma condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude birth abd death rates, low rate of natural increase, and a higher total population
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| Infant Mortality rate (IMR) | The total amount of deaths each year among infants inder 1 year old for every 1,000 live births in a society
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| I=PAT | Impact= Population*Affluence*Technology
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| Physiological Density | The number of people per square unit of arable land (land suitable for architecture)
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| Crude Birth Rate (CBR) | The total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society
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| Migration | Form of relocation diffusion involving a permanent move to a new location.
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| Urbanization | An increase in the percentage and in the number of people living inurban settlements
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| Zero Population Growth (ZPG) | A decline of the total fertility rate to the point where the natural increase rate equals zero
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| Demography | Scientific study of population characteristics
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| Crude Death Rate (CDR) | The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in a society
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| Chain Migration | Migration of people to a specific loctaion because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there.
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| Literacy Rate | The percentage of a country's poeple who can read and write
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| Arithmetic density | The total number of people divided by total land area
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| Natural Increase Rate (NIR) | The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as crude burth arte minus crude death rate
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| Total Fertility Rate (TFR) | The average number of children a woman will have throughout her child bearing years
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| Push and Pull Factors | Factor that induces people to leave a location, or to move to a new location
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| Fertility | Measurement of actual number of offspring produced through sexual reproduction; usually descibed in number of offspring of females, since paternity can be hard to determine
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| Fecundity | Physical ability to reproduce
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| Population momentum | A potential for increased population growth as young members reach reproductive age
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| Mortality | Death Rate in a population; the probablilty of dying
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| Carrying Capacity | The maximum number of individuals of any species that can be supported by a partitcular ecosystem on a long term basis
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| Logistic Growth | Growth rates regulated by internal and extrenal factors taht establish an equilibriun with environmental resources (S curve)
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| Life expectancy | The average age that a newborn infant can expect to attain in a particular time or place
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| Life-span | The longest period of time reached by a type of organism
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| Megacity | Urban area with more than 10 million in habitants
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| Biotic Potential | The maximun reproductive rate or an organism, given unlimited resources and ideal conditions. Compare with environmental resistance
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| Exponential Growth | Growth at a constant rate of increase per unit of time; can be expressed as a constant fraction or exponent (Geometric)
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| Environmental Resistance | All limiting factors that tend to reduce population growth rates abd set the maximum allowable population size or carrying capacityof an ecosystem
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| Natality | Production of new indiviuals by birth, hatching, germination or cloning
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| Family Planning | Controlling reproduction; planning the timing of birth and having as many babies as are wanted and can be supported
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