MT Midterm (Chapters 1-6)
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
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| -algia | pain and suffering
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| dys- | difficult, painful or bad
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| -ectomy | surgical removal
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| hyper- | over, above or increased
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| hypo- | below, under or decreased
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| -itis | inflammation
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| -osis | a disease or abnormal condition
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| -otomy | a surgical incision
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| -plasty | surgical repair
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| -rrhage/-rrhagia | sudden abnormal or excessive flow
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| -rrhaphy | to suture or stitch
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| -rrhexis | rupture
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| -sclerosis | abnormal hardening
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| arteri/o | artery
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| arthr/o | joint
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| gastr/o | stomach
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| -malacia | abnormal softening
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| -megaly | large or enlargement
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| myel/o | spinal cord or bone marrow
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| my/o | muscle
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| -necrosis | tissue death
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| neur/o | nerve
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| -ology | study of
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| -pathy | disease
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| -stenosis | abnormal narrowing
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| -ostomy | creation of an artificial opening to the body surface
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| diff Dx | differential diagnosis
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| Inflam | Inflammation
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| Aden/o | gland
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| Carcin/o | cancerous
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| Chondr/o | cartilage
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| -oma | tumor
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| A- or An- | without
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| Genetic Disorders | pathologic conditions caused by absent or defective genes
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| Endemic | ongoing presence of a disease within a population (Ex: the common cold)
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| Epidemic | sudden/widespread outbreak of a disease within a specific population group or area (Ex: measles)
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| Pandemic | outbreak of disease occurring over a large geographic area or worldwide (Ex: AIDS)
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| Functional disease | symptoms for which no physiological/anatomical cause can be identified (Ex: irritable bowel syndrome)
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| Iatrogenic illness | unfavorable response to medical treatment (Ex: side effects from medication)
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| Idiopathic disease | illness without known cause (Ex: Crohn’s disease)
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| Infectious disease | caused by living pathogenic organisms (Ex: flu)
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| Nosocomial Infection | infection acquired in a hospital or clinical setting
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| Organic Disirder | caused by detectable physical changes in the body (Ex: Diabetes)
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| Congenital Disorder | abnormal condition that exists at the time of birth
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| -ologist | specialist
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| CD | communicable disease
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| P | physiology or posterior
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| CF | Cystic Fibrosis
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| PKU | Phenylketonuria
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| Cost/o | rib
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| Kyph/o | hump
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| Lord/o | swayback curve/bent backward
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| Oste/o | bone
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| Spondyl/o | vertebrae (backbone)
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| -lysis | loosening / setting free (therapeutic) or breaking down/destruction (diseased condition)
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| Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) | used to treat certain types of cancers (leukemia
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| Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) | joint inflammation caused by the body’s immune system attacking its own joint tissues
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| Osteoarthritis (OA) | bone/joint inflammation caused by “wear-and-tear” of cartilage at the joints
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| Kyphosis | abnormal increase of the outward curvature of the spine (humpback)
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| Lordosis | abnormal increase of the forward curvature (swayback)
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| Scoliosis | abnormal lateral curvature of the spine (sideways)
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| Comminuted fracture (Fx) | bone is splintered/crushed into pieces
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| Greenstick fracture (Fx) | bone is bent/partially broken (usually in children)
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| Open fracture (Fx) | bone is broken out to the surface of the skin
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| Spiral fracture (Fx) | bone is broken by a twisting motion (usually in sports injuries)
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| Stress fracture (Fx) | small crack in the bone from overuse or chronic/excessive impact
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| BMT | Bone Marrow Transplant
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| Fx | Fracture
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| OA | Osteoarthritis
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| Brady- | slow
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| Tachy- | fast
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| -cele | hernia
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| -desis | bind/tie together; surgical suturing
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| -emia | blood condition
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| -ia | condition
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| -ic | pertaining to
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| CFS | Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
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| prog | prognosis
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| A | anterior
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| ADL | Activities of Daily Living
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| RT | Related To
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| sign | objective evidence of a disease
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| symptom | patient reported (subjective) evidence of diease
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| diagnosis (Dx) | the identification of disease
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| prognosis (prog) | the prediction or probable course/outcome of a disease
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| infection | invasion of the body by pathogens
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| inflammation (inflam) | localized response to an injury or destruction of tissues
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| remission | temporary/partial or complete disappearance of the symptoms of disease without achieving a cure
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| Angi/o or Vascul/o | blood vessel
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| Ather/o | fatty plaque or substance
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| Cardi/o or Card/o | heart
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| Cyt/o or -cyte | cell
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| Erythr/o | red
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| Hem/o or Hemat/o | blood
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| Leuk/o | white
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| Phleb/o | vein
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| Thromb/o | clot
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| -gram | picture or record
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| -graphy | process of recording
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| -lytic | to destroy
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| -penia | deficiency
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| Endo- | within
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| Epi- | above/upon
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| Peri- | surrounding
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| Erythrocytes | Red (blood) cell- carry oxygen
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| Leukocytes | White (blood) cell- fight infection
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| Thrombocytes | Clotting cell (Platelet)- clot blood
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| Angina | episode of severe chest pain due to inadequate blood flow to the myocardium
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| Myocardial Infarction (MI) | episode where there is a total blockage of blood flow to the myocardium
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| Thrombus | blood clot attached to the wall of a blood vessel (stationary)
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| Embolus | foreign object (blood clot/air/tissue/fat/tumor) that circulates in the blood vessels (traveling)
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| Cardiac Arrest | when the heart abruptly stops or develops an abnormal rhythm that prevents it from pumping blood
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| Atrial Fibrillation (A-fib) | rapid/irregular/uncontrolled heartbeat originating from the atria
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| Ventricular Fibrillation (V-fib) | rapid/irregular/uncontrolled heartbeat originating from the ventricles
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| Arrhythmia | abnormality or loss of normal rhythm in the heartbeat
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| Automated External Defibrillator (AED) | portable electronic device that automatically diagnoses potentially life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias
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| Defibrillation | shock that stops fibrillation, allowing the heart to reestablish a normal rhythm
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| A-Fib | atrial fibrillation
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| chol | cholesterol
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| CAD | coronary artery disease
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| EKG or ECG | electrocardiogram
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| MI | myocardial infarction
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| V-fib | ventricular vibrillation
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| Allergist | specialist in allergic reactions
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| Antigen | any substance that the body sees as being foreign
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| Allergen | any substance that produces an allergic reaction
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| Allergy | overreaction by the body to a particular antigen
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| Anaphylaxis | a severe response to an allergen
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| Immunologist | specialist in the immune system
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| Autoimmune Disorder | condition in which the immune system produces antibodies against its own tissues
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| Immunodeficiency Disorder | condition in which the immune response in compromised
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| Immunotherapy | treatment of the immune system (involves stimulating the immune response)
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| Immunosuppressant | type of medication that prevents/reduces the body’s normal immune response
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| Oncologist | specialist in the prevention/causes/ treatments of tumors and cancer
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| Tumor | abnormal mass of tissue with uncontrolled cell multiplication
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| Benign | not life-threatening
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| Malginant | potentially life-threatening
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| Cancer | class of diseases with uncontrolled cell multiplication and the ability of these cells to invade other tissues
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| Metastasize | process by which cancer spreads
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| Metastasis | change beyond control (new cancer site that results from the spreading process)
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| Anti- | against
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| Lymphaden/o | lymph node
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| Lymphangi/o | lymph vessel
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| Lymph/o | lymph
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| Lymphocyt/o | white blood cell
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| Sarc/o | flesh
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| -genesis | creation or reproduction
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| Tox/o or -toxic | poison
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| T-Lymphocytes | produced in the Thymus; phagocytes (cells that eat)
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| B-Lymphocytes | antibodies (immunoglobulins)
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| Crani/o | skull
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| Dors/o | back of body
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| Kines/o | movement
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| Laryng/o | throat
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| Ot/o | ear
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| Poster/o | behind, toward the back
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| Rhin/o | nose
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| Ten/Tendin/o | tendon
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| Ton/o | tone, tension, stretching
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| Ventr/o | in front, belly side of body
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| -clasis | break down
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| -paresis | partial or incomplete paralysis
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| -plegia | full paralysis
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| -Hemi- | half
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| aneurysm | localized weak spot or balloon-like enlargement of an arterial wall
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| hypertension | high blood pressure
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| hypotension | low blood pressure
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| abd | abdomen
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| ant | anterior
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| D | dorsal
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| FMS | fibromyalgia syndrome
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| hemi | hemiplegia
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| MD | Muscular Dystrophy
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| MS | Multiple Sclerosis
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| quad | quadraplegic
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| ventr | ventral
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