Holt Science Chapter 4 Terms
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The movement of particles from an area where their concentration is high to an area where their concentration is low | Diffusion
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the diffusion of water across a cell membrane | osmosis
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diffusion of particles through the proteins | passive transport
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movement of particles through proteins against the normal direction of diffusion | active transport
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cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses it in a vesicle | endcytosis
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process by which plants are able to capture light energy from the sun and change it into food | photosynthesis
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the process of producing ATP in the cell from oxygen and glucose; releases carbon dioxide and water | cellular respiration
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a breakdown of sugars to make ATP in the absence of oxygen | fermentation
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lifecycle of a cell | cell cycle
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DNA of a cell organized into these structures | chromosomes
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"splitting into two parts" | binary fission
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similar chromosome pairs | homologous chromosomes
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two copies of each chromosome | chromatids
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region where chromatids are held together | centromere
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chromosome separation | mitosis
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