Week 5
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| myocardium | the heart muscle, which includes nerves and blood vessels
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| pericardial | adjective form of pericardium
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| pericardial cavity | the subcavity of the thoracic cavity in which the heart is enclosed
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| pericardial sac | another lining of the pericardium closes to the heart
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| pericardium | serous membrane lining the pericardial cavity
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| pulmonary semilunar valve | valve connecting the right ventricle and the lungs
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| right atrioventricular valve | valve connecting the right atrium to the right ventricle
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| septa | tin wall that separates cavities or masses; in the heart, septa separate the right atrium from the left atrium and the right ventricle from the left ventricle
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| troponin | a protein that is release into the bloodstream when a heart attack occurs
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| ventricle | two of the four heart chambers, composed of the right ventricle and left ventricle
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| arrhythmia | abnormal rhythm; irregular heartbeat
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| atriomegaly | enlargement of an atrium
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| bradycardia | abnormally slow heartbeat
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| cardiac arrest | cessation of heart activity
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| cardiodynia | heart pain
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| cardiomalacia | softening of the heart
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| cardiomegaly | enlargement of the heart
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| cardiomyopathy | disease of the heart muscle
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| cardiopathy | any heart disease
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| cardiorrhexis | rupture in the wall of the heart
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| carditis | inflammation of the heart
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| endocarditis | inflammation of the endocardium
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| myocardial infarction | heart attack
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| myocarditis | inflammation of the heart muscle
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| pericarditis | inflammation of the pericardium
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| tachycardia | abnormally rapid heartbeat
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| vavulitis | inflammation of a heart valve
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| cardiogram | a graphic trace of heart functions
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| myocardiograph | a machine to electrically measure heart functions
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| ventriculoscopy | looking at heart ventricles with an endoscope
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| cardiologist | heart specialist
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| cardiology | medical specialty dealing with the heart
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| atrioseptoplasty | surgical repair of an atrial septum
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| cardiomyoplasty | surgical procedure that involves engaging the latissimus dorsi muscle to stimulate the heart
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| cardiorrhaphy | suturing of the wall of the heart
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| cardiotomy | incision into the HEART or incision into the cardia of the STOMACH
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| pericardiorrhaphy | suturing of the pericardium
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| pericardiotomy | incision into the pericardium
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| vavoplasty | surgical repair of a heart valve
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| valvotomy | surgical removal of a blocked heart valve (stenosis of a heart valve) by cutting into it
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| ventriculoplasty | surgical repair of a heart ventricle
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| atrial | adjectival form of atrium
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| cardiac | relating to the heart
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| cardiogenic | adjective describing something originating in the heart
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| ventricular | adjectival form of ventricle
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| albumins | one of the three main blood plasma proteins; globulins and fibrinogens are the other two
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| antibodies | also called immunoglobulins; a common blood protein
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| aorta | the main trunk of the systemic arterial system
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| arteries | the largest of the blood vessels
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| arterioles | the smallest arteries that connect with the capillaries
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| azygos vein | a vein that connects the brachiocephalic veins with the superior vena cava
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| brachiocephalic trunk | one of three major conducting arteries branching from the aortic arch
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| brachiocephalic veins | vein connecting the azygos vein to veins of the head, neck, shoulder, and arms
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| capillaries | the smallest of the blood vessels
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| cholesterol | a fat-soluble steroid alcohol found in animal tissues and in food; consists of both HDL and LDL varieties
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| conducting arteries | the largest of the arteries and nearest the heart
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| digital veins | veins in the fingers and toes
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| elastic arteries | another term for conducting arteries
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| erythrocytes | red blood cells; abbreviated RBC
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| femoral veins | veins in the legs
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| fibrinogens | one of the three main blood plasma proteins; globulins and albumins are the other two.
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| formed elements | phrase used to refer collectively to the red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets in the blood
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| globulins | one of the three main blood plasma proteins; albumins and fibrinogens are the other two
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| gonadal veins | veins in the reproductive system
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| great cerebral vein | vein of the cranium
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| hemoglobin | the protein that gives blood its red color; abbreviated Hb
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| hepatic veins | veins that drain the liver
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| immunoglobulins | also called antibodies; a common blood protein
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| inferior vena cava | large vein that collects blood from the smaller veins of the lower body
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| internal jugular vein | a vein in the neck that runs alongside the common carotid artery
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| left common carotid artery | one of three major conducting arteries branching from the aortic arch
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| left subclavian artery | one of three major conducting arteries branching from the arotic arch
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| leukocytes | white blood cells; abbreviated WBC
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| lipoproteins | a common blood protein
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| lumbar veins | veins in the lower back
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| muscular arteries | medium-size arteries that connect the conducting arteries and teh arterioles
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| plasma | as differentiated from its non-medical context, the yellow fluid that makes up a bit more than half of whole blood by volume
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| platelets | smallest of the formed elements; important in the coagulation process
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| renal veins | veins in the kidneys
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| right common carotid artery | one of two conducting arteries attached to the brachiocephalic trunk
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| right subclavian artery | one of two conducting arteries attached to the brachiocephalic trunk
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| superior vena cava | large vein that collects blood from the smaller veins of the upper body
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| tibial veins | veins in the legs
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| venae cavae | the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava, taken together
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| veins | the blood vessels that return blood from the tissues to the heart
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| vertebral veins | veins flowing from the upper spinal area into the brachiocephalic veins
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| aneurysm | a localized dilation of an artery, cardiac chamber, or other vessel
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| angiitis | inflammation of a vessel
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| angiopathy | any disease of blood vessels
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| angiospasm | spasm in blood vessels
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| angiostenosis | narrowing of a blood vessel
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| arteriolitis | inflammation of an arteriole
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| arteriopathy | any disease of the arteries
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| arteriorrhexis | rupture of an artery
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| arteriosclerosis | hardening of the arteries
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| arteriospasm | spasm of an artery
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| arteriostenosis | narrowing of an artery
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| arteritis | inflammation of an artery or arteries
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| hemolysis | change or destruction of red blood cells
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| hemopathy | any disease of the blood
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| hemophilia | congenital disorder affecting the coagulation process
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| hemorrhage | discharge of blood
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| hemorrhagic fever | category of diseases that include a number of viral diseases, one of which is Ebola fever.
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| vasculitis | inflammation of a vessel
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| vasculopathy | any disease of blood vessles
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| vasocontriction | narrowing of the arteries
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| vasodilation | the widening of the arteries
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| vasoparalysis | paralysis of blood vessels
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| vasoparesis | similar to but less severe than vasoparalysis
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| vasospasm | spasm in blood vessels
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| angiogram | printed record obtained through angiography
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| angiography | radiography of a blood vessel after injection of a contrast medium
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| angioplasty | surgical repair of a blood vessel
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| angiorrhaphy | suturing of a vessel
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| angiotomy | incision of a blood vessel
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| arterioplasty | surgical repair of an artery
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| arteriorrhaphy | suturing of an artery
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| arteriotomy | incision of an artery
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| angiogenic | originating in a blood vessel
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| angioid | resembling blood vessels
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| angina pectoris | pain in the chest
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| arteriovenous | adjectival form of "arteries and veins"
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| atherosclerosis | the most common form of arteriosclerosis
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| basophil | a white blood cell with granules that stain with basic dyes
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| eosinophil | a white blood cell that stains with certain dyes
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| hemolytic | adjective form of hemolysis
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| lymphocyte | a white blood cell formed in lymphatic tissue
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| monocyte | a relatively large white blood cell
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| neutrophil | a mature white blood cell normally constituting more than half of the total number of leukocytes
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| phagocyte | a white blood cell capable of ingesting bacteria and other foreign matter
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| vascular | adjectival form of vessel
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| venous | adjectival form of vein
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| alveoli | small cavities in which oxygen is removed from the air delivered by the bronchioles
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| apex | word used to describe the upper tip of each lung
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| base | word used to describe the bottom of each lung
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| bronchi | tubes branching off from the trachea and into the lungs
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| bronchiole | very small branches of bronchi that extend into the lungs
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| diaphragm | muscular partition at the base of the thoracic cavity
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| epiglottis | a mucous membrane-covered, leaf-shaped piece of cartilage at the root of the tongue
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| larynx | vocal cords, voice box
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| nasal | adjective referring to the nose
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| pharynx | passageway just below the nasal cavity and mouth
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| phrenic | adjective referring to the diaphragm; synonymous with diaphragmatic
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| pulmonary | adjective frequently used to modify another term in or associated with the lungs
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| trachea | windpipe
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| apnea | absence of breathing
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| asthma | a lung disease characterized by reversible inflammation and constriction
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| bronchial pneumonia | inflammation of the smaller bronchial tubes
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| bronchioloites | inflammation of the bronchioles
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| bronchiostenosis | narrowing of the bronchial tubes
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| bronchitis | inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bronchial tubes
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| bronchiomalacia | degeneration or softening of the bronchi
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| bronchopneumonia | inflammation of the smaller bronchial tubes
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| bronchorrhea | excessive mucus production by a bonchus
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| bronchospasm | abnormal contraction of bronchi
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| bronchostenosis | chronic narrowing of a bronchus
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| dyspna | difficult breathing
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| emphysema | condition in which the alveoli are inefficient because of distension
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| laryngitis | inflammation of the larynx
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| laryngospasm | involuntary contraction of the larynx
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| laryngostenosis | a narrowing of the larynx
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| pharyngitis | inflammation of the pharynx
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| pharyngocele | a hernia or diverticulum in the pharynx
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| pharyngoplegia | paralysis of pharynx
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| pharynogospasm | involuntary contraction of the pharynx
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| pharyngostenosis | narrowing of the pharynx
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| phrenalgia | pain in the diaphragm
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| pneumolith | calculus in a lung
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| pneumonia | inflammation of a lung caused by infection, chemical inhalation, or trauma
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| rhinalgia | pain in the nose
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| rhinitis | inflammation of the inner lining of the nasal cavity
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| rhinalgia | pain in the nose
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| rhinitis | inflammation of te inner lining of the nasal cavity
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| rhinodynia | rhinalgia; pain in the nose
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| rhinopathy | any disease of the nose
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| rhinorrhea | discharge from the rhinal mucous membrane
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| rhinostenosis | narrowing or obstruction occurring in the nasal passages
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| sinusitis | inflammation of the respiratory sinuses
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| tracheitis | inflammation of the trachea
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| tracheomalacia | softening of tracheal tissue
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| tracheomegaly | abnormal dilation of the trachea
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| tracheorrhagia | hemorrhage of the trachea
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| tracheostenosis | abnormal narrowing of the trachea
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| angiogram | printed record obtained through angiography
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| bronchoscope | a device for visually inspecting the interior of a bronchus
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| bronchoscopy | inspection using a bronchoscope
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| laryngoscope | instrument with a light at the tip to aid in visual inspection of the larynx
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| laryngoscopy | visual inspection of the larynx with the aid of laryngoscope
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| pharyngoscope | instrument with a light at the tip to aid in the visual inspection of the pharynx
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| pharyngoscopy | visual inspection of the pharynx with aid of pharyngoscope
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| rhinoscope | a small mirror with a thin handle; used in rhinoscopy
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| rhinoscopy | visual inspection of the nasal areas
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| bronchoplasty | surgical repair of a bronchus
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| bronchorrhaphy | suturing of a bronchus
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| bronchotomy | incision into a bronchus
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| laryngectomy | excision of the larynx
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| laryngoplasty | surgical repair of the larynx
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| laryngotomy | incision into the larynx
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| pharyngoplasty | surgical repair of the pharynx
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| pharyngotomy | surgical incision into the pharynx
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| pneumonectomy | removal of pulmonary lobes from a lung
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| pneumonopexy | surgical fixation of a lung
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| pneumonorrhaphy | suturing of a lung
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| pneumonotomy | incision into a lung
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| rhinoplasty | surgery performed on the nose
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| rhinotomy | surgical incision into the nose
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| sinusotomy | incision into the sinus
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| tracheoplasty | surgical repair of the trachea
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| tracheotomy | incision into the trachea for the purpose of restoring airflow to the lungs
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| laryngology | branch of medical study concerned with the larynx and diagnosis and treatment of its diseases
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| rhinologist | one who specializes in the study, diagnosis, and treatment of abnormal conditions of the nose
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| rhinology | branch of medical study concerned with the nose and diagnosis and treatment of its diseases
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| atelectasis | reduction or absence of air in part or all of a lung, resulting in loss of lung volume
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| pertussis | an acute infectious inflammation of the larnyx, trachea, and bronchi caused by Bordetella pertussis
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| tuberculosis | disease caused by presence of Mycobacterium turberculosis, most commonly affecting the lungs
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| antibody | a molecule generated in specific opposition to an antigen
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| antigen | substance that induces sensitivity or an immune response in teh form of antibodies
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| autoimmunity | literally, immune to oneself
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| B cell | lymphocytes that work with T cells to fight off infection
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| leukocyte | white blood cell
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| lymph | fluid that flows through the lymphatic system; adjective synonymous with lymphatic
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| lymph duct | another term for lymph vessel
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| lymph gland | a large lymph node
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| lymph node | structures of variable size that contain macrophages that filter out disease-causing antigens and other debris as the lymph flows through
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| lymph vessel | vessel (or duct)within the lymphatic system
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| lymphatic system | collectively, the vessels, nodes, and capillaries that carry the lymph and its disease-fighting cells to the areas in which they are needed
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| lymphocyte | white blood cell in the lymphatic system
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| macrophage | large phagocyte
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| microphage | small phagocyte
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| NK cell | type of lymphocyte; natural killer
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| perforin | protein that NK cells use to kill invading cells
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| phagocyte | white blood cells that clear away pathogens and debris
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| right lymphatic duct | large lymph vessel
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| spleen | immune system organ that gets rid of damaged red blood cells and reclaims and stores iron
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| T cell | cells that make up about 80% of lymphocytes; the T denotes their work with the thymus
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| thoracic duct | large lymph vessel located in the chest area
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| thymosin | hormone secreted by the thymus that helps create T cells
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| thyum | immune system gland located behind the sternum
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| tonsil | collection of lymph tissue; in common understanding, the lingual, pharyngeal, and (especially) the palatine tonsils
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| immunodeficiency | impairment of the immune system
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| lymphadenopathy | chronic or excessively swollen lymph nodes; any disease of the lymph nodes
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| lymphadenitis | inflammation of a lymph node or nodes
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| lymphangitis | inflammation of lymph vessels
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| lymphatitis | inflammation of the lymph vessels or nodes
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| lymphoma | tumor of lymph tissue
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| lymphopathy | disease f the lymph vessels or nodes
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| splenitis | inflammation of the spleen
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| splenomalacia | softening of the spleen
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| splenomegaly | enlargement of the spleen
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| splenopathy | any disease of the spleen
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| splenorrhagia | hemorrhage from a ruptured spleen
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| thymitis | infalmmation of the thymus
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| tonsillitis | inflammation of a tonsil
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| lymphangiography | radiography of the lymph vessels
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| immunologist | a medical practitioner specializing in the immune system
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| immunology | the medical specialty dealing with the immune system
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| lymphadenectomy | excision of lymph nodes
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| lymphgiectomy | excision of a lymph vessel
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| lymphangioplasty | surgical repair of lymph vessels
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| lymphangiotomy | incision of lymph vessels
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| splenectomy | excision of the spleen
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| splenorrhaphy | suture of a ruptured spleen
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| splenotomy | incision of the spleen
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| thymectomy | excision of the thymus
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| tonsillectomy | excision of a tonsil
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| tonsillotomy | incision of a tonsil
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| allergen | an allergy-producing substance
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| immunosuppressant | something that interferes with the immune system
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| inflammation | redness and irritation caused by injury or abnormal stimulation by a physical, chemical, or biologic agent
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| pathogen | substance that produces disease
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| phagocytosis | process of white blood cells clearing away pathogens and debris
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| reaction | an action of an antibody on a specific antigen; also, in reference to immune responses, an abnormal or unwanted reaction
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| toxin | a poisonous substance
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