individual drugs
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| clonidine | alpha 2 agonist (CAS; anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| guanabenz | alpha 2 agonist (CAS; anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| guanfacine | alpha 2 agonist (CAS; anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| methyldopa | alpha 2 agonist (CAS; anti-HTN) - prodrug
🗑
|
||||
| reserpine | adrenergic neuron blocking agent (anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| guanethidine | adrenergic neuron blocking agent (anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| guanadrel | adrenergic neuron blocking agent (anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| prazosin | alpha-1 receptor blockers (anti-HTN; angina - mixed venous/arteriolar dilator)
🗑
|
||||
| terazosin | alpha-1 receptor blockers (anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| doxazosin | alpha-1 receptor blockers (anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| phentolamine | non-selective alpha blocker; early agent (anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| atenolol | beta-1 selective blocker, no ISA (anti-HTN; angina)
🗑
|
||||
| betaxolol | beta-1 selective blocker, no ISA (anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| bisoprolol | beta-1 selective blocker, no ISA (anti-HTN); selectivity lost above doses of 20 mg
🗑
|
||||
| metoprolol | beta-1 selective blocker, no ISA (anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| acebutolol | beta-1 selective blocker, ISA+ (anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| carteolol | beta-1 selective blocker, ISA+ (anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| nadolol | non-selective beta blocker (B1/B2), no ISA (anti-HTN), not readily metabolized (once daily dosing), no significant CNS penetration
🗑
|
||||
| propranolol | non-selective beta blocker (B1/B2), no ISA (anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| timolol | non-selective beta blocker (B1/B2), no ISA (anti-HTN), lacks local anesthetic action
🗑
|
||||
| penbutolol | non-selective beta blocker (B1/B2), ISA+ (anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| pindolol | non-selective beta blocker (B1/B2), ISA+, MSA+ (antiarrhythmic effects) (anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| carvedilol | alpha-blocker/beta-blocker, no ISA (anti-HTN; angina); S-isomer = nonselective BB; R-isomer = alpha blockade; may have eNOS effects via B2
🗑
|
||||
| labetalol | non-selective beta blocker (alpha/B1/B2), no ISA (anti-HTN); best BB for pheochromocytoma
🗑
|
||||
| nebivolol | beta-1 blocker, beta-2 agonist (B2 activity stimulates eNOS), (anti-HTN); dual MOA, most selective BB available, once daily dosing
🗑
|
||||
| amlodipine | calcium channel blocker (anti-HTN; approved for angina)
🗑
|
||||
| diltiazem (SR & ER only) | calcium channel blocker (anti-HTN; approved for angina); has significant nonspecific sympathetic antagonism
🗑
|
||||
| felodipine | calcium channel blocker (anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| isradipine | calcium channel blocker (anti-HTN); HTN is only approved use
🗑
|
||||
| nicardipine, nicardipine SR and IV | calcium channel blocker (anti-HTN; approved for angina)
🗑
|
||||
| clevidipine IV | calcium channel blocker (anti-HTN) - hypertensive crisis; only reduces systemic vascular resistance (no effect on preload), onset 2-4 min, offset 5-15 min
🗑
|
||||
| nifedipine ER | calcium channel blocker (anti-HTN; approved for angina); greater selectivity for smooth muscle than cardiac calcium channels (leads to reflex tachycardia)
🗑
|
||||
| nisoldipine | calcium channel blocker (anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| verapamil, SR, ER | calcium channel blocker (anti-HTN; approved for angina); has cardiac depressant effect so less reflex tachycardia
🗑
|
||||
| hyrdalazine | vasodilator, causes synthesis of NO from endogenous sources (anti-HTN; angina - arteriolar dilator)
🗑
|
||||
| nitroprusside | vasodilator, inorganic nitrate, causes direct release of NO --> disintegrates (anti-HTN); sodium nitroprusside for emergency/ST only --> creates cyanide as a by product
🗑
|
||||
| nitroglycerin | vasodilator, organic nitrate, causes direct release of NO but required cysteine (anti-HTN; angina - venous dilator); when you reach headache as side effect that's how you know the dose is working
🗑
|
||||
| minoxidil | vasodilator, potassium channel (K-channel) opener (anti-HTN; angina - arteriolar dilator); differences in acetylation; doses higher than 200 mg associated w/lupus-like syndrome
🗑
|
||||
| diazoxide | vasodilator, potassium channel (K-channel) opener (anti-HTN); parenterally admin for hypertensive emergency --> combine w/BB to prevent reflex tachycardia; mini-bolus
🗑
|
||||
| fenoldopam | vasodilator, DA agonist (D1 selective), (anti-HTN; angina)
🗑
|
||||
| captopril | ACE Inhibitor, first nonpeptide ACEI, bone marrow depression, only one with a sulfhydryl group (anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| enalapril | ACE Inhibitor, prodrug,(anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| lisinopril | ACE Inhibitor, lysine derivative of enalaprilat(anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| benazepril | ACE Inhibitor, prodrug, excreted mainly by kidney,(anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| ramipril | ACE Inhibitor, prodrug, excreted mainly by kidney,(anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| fosinopril | ACE Inhibitor, prodrug, metabolized by liver or kidney --> no dose adjustment in impaired renal function(anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| losartan | angiotensin II receptor (AT1) blocker, metabolized to active metabolite that is 10-40x more active, 1000x greater affinity for AT1, fairly clean drug,(anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| valsartan | angiotensin II receptor (AT1) blocker, orally effective, 20,000x more selective for AT1, primary metabolite is inactive, (anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| telmisartan | angiotensin II receptor (AT1) blocker, (anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| eprosartan | angiotensin II receptor (AT1) blocker, (anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| candesartan | angiotensin II receptor (AT1) blocker, (anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| olmesartan | angiotensin II receptor (AT1) blocker, (anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| irbesartan | angiotensin II receptor (AT1) blocker, (anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| aliskiren | renin inhibitor (anti-HTN), fits binding pocket for angiotensinogen on renin; reduces plasma renin activity even though plasma renin concentration is increased; especially good when combined with HCT > ramipril > irbesartan
🗑
|
||||
| renalase | endogenous enzyme that metabolizes circulating monoamines (DA, Epi, NE), not inhibited by MAOIs, short-acting experimental injection (anti-HTN)
🗑
|
||||
| chlorothiazide | diuril; thiazide diuretic (HTN, HF, edema, hypercalciuria, NDI)
🗑
|
||||
| hydrochlorothiazide | hydrodiuril; thiazide diuretic (HTN, HF, edema, hypercalciuria, NDI); 10x more potent than chlorothiazide
🗑
|
||||
| chlorothalidone | hygroton; thiazide-like diuretic (HTN, HF, edema, hypercalciuria, NDI)
🗑
|
||||
| indapamide | lozol; thiazide diuretic (HTN, HF, edema, hypercalciuria, NDI)
🗑
|
||||
| metolazone | thiazide-like diuretic (HTN, HF, edema, hypercalciuria, NDI); combine w/loop diuretic to treat severe resistant oedema
🗑
|
||||
| furosemide | lasix; loop diuretic (HTN, hypercalcemia, edema); sulfa cross-rxn
🗑
|
||||
| bumetanide | bumex; loop diuretic (HTN, hypercalcemia, edema); sulfa cross-rxn
🗑
|
||||
| torsemide | demadex; loop diuretic (HTN, hypercalcemia, edema); sulfa cross-rxn
🗑
|
||||
| ethacrynic acid | edecrin; loop diuretic (HTN, hypercalcemia, edema); only one w/o sulfa cross-rxn (phenoxyacetic acid derivative)
🗑
|
||||
| spironolactone | aldactone; potassium-sparring diuretic; steroid-like/aldosterone receptor blocker; (prevent K loss in ptns on loop/thiazide, HF, hyperaldosteronism, refractory edema); combine w/HCTZ = aldactazide
🗑
|
||||
| eplerenone | inspra; potassium-sparring diuretic; steroid-like/aldosterone receptor blocker; (prevent K loss in ptns on loop/thiazide, HF, hyperaldosteronism, refractory edema)
🗑
|
||||
| triamterene | dyrenium; combine w/HCTZ for dyazide/maxide; sodium channel blocker; potassium-sparring diuretic; (prevent K loss in ptns on loop/thiazide, HF, hyperaldosteronism, refractory edema);
🗑
|
||||
| amiloride | midamor, combine w/HCTZ = moduretic; sodium channel blocker; potassium-sparring diuretic; (prevent K loss in ptns on loop/thiazide, HF, hyperaldosteronism, refractory edema)
🗑
|
||||
| mannitol USP | osmitrol; osmotic diuretic (trauma, CV operations, hemolytic rxn, toxic poisoning, acute cerebral edema, ophthalmic surgery)
🗑
|
||||
| urea | ureaphil; osmotic diuretic (trauma, CV operations, hemolytic rxn, toxic poisoning, acute cerebral edema, ophthalmic surgery)
🗑
|
||||
| sucrose | osmotic diuretic (trauma, CV operations, hemolytic rxn, toxic poisoning, acute cerebral edema, ophthalmic surgery)
🗑
|
||||
| glycerol | osmotic diuretic (trauma, CV operations, hemolytic rxn, toxic poisoning, acute cerebral edema, ophthalmic surgery)
🗑
|
||||
| acetazolamide | diamox; carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; (alkalinize urine, glaucoma, epilepsy)
🗑
|
||||
| dichlorophenamide | daranide; carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; (alkalinize urine, glaucoma, epilepsy)
🗑
|
||||
| digoxin | cardiac glycoside (angina), high Vd (less bound to plasma proteins), serum conc 0.5 - 2.0ng/ml; half-life is 36 hours; elimination is renal
🗑
|
||||
| digitoxin | cardiac glycoside (angina), highly protein bound, serum conc 10 - 35 ng/ml, half-life = 7 days; elimination = hepatic
🗑
|
||||
| isosorbide dinitrate | venous dilator (angina); reduces preload
🗑
|
||||
| amrinone | inodilator (angina); positive inotrope plus vasodilator
🗑
|
||||
| milrinone | inodilator (angina); positive inotrope plus vasodilator
🗑
|
||||
| natrecor | inotropic (angina); recombinant human b-type naturetic peptide
🗑
|
||||
| bidil | isosorbide dinitrate and hydralazine; inotropic (angina)
🗑
|
||||
| pimobendan | calcium-sensitizer and PDE3 inhibitor (angina)
🗑
|
||||
| levosimendan | calcium-sensitizer and ATP-dependent K channels (angina)
🗑
|
||||
| mibefradil | calcium-channel blocker (angina); removed from market due to prolonged QT intervals and arrhythmias (inhibits CYP3A and 2D6)
🗑
|
||||
| bepridil | calcium-channel blocker for angina; similar to diltizem but contraindicated in patients with cardiac arrhythmias (blocks Na/K channels, proarrhythmic)
🗑
|
||||
| ranolazine | angina; MOA unclear; inhibits CYP3A and 2D6; can prolong QT interval, lots of interactions
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
Krafty
Popular Science sets