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Forms of Matter and Energy

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Term
Definition
mixture   a physical combination of two or more substances that are blended together without forming new substances  
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solution   a mixture of substances that are blended so completely that the mixture looks the same everywhere  
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physical change   a change of matter in size, shape, or state without any change in identity  
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chemical change   a change of matter that occurs when atoms link together in a new way, creating a new substance different from the original substance  
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reactant   an original substance at the beginning of a chemical reaction  
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acid   a substance that tastes sour and turns blue litmus paper red  
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base   a substance that tastes bitter and turns red litmus paper blue  
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indicator   a substance such as litmus paper whose color changes when it is mixed with an acid or a base  
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pH   the scale that tells how acidic or basic a solution is  
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kinetic energy   the energy of any moving object  
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potential energy   stored energy  
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conduction   the passing of heat through a material while the material itself stays in place  
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convection   the flow of heat through a liquid or a gas, causing hot parts to rise and cooler parts to sink  
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radiation   the transfer of heat through electromagnetic rays  
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