Ecology of Ecosystems
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Ecosystem | A community of organisms interacting within a particular physical environment or a community plus its abiotic factors.
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| Photoautotrophs | Organisms that carry out photosynthesis--primarily plants
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| Autotrophs | Primary producers
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| Consumers | Organisms that consume primary producers
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| Herbivores | Consumers which eat plants
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| Carnivores | Consumers which eat animals
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| Omnivores | Organisms which eat both plants and animals
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| Decomposers | Organisms which obtain their energy by breaking down the remains or products of organisms (includes fungi and bacteria)
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| • Detritivores | Decomposers which eat detritus (organic waste and dead organisms)
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| Detritus | Organic wastes and dead organisms
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| Trophic | Feeding
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| • First trophic level | Contains the autotrophs which build energy containing molecules. (They also absorb nitrogen, phosphorous, sulfur and other molecules necessary for life)
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| • Chemoautotrophs | An organism that manufactures its own food through chemosynthesis (the oxidation of inorganic chemical compounds) as opposed to photosynthesis. Bacteria
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| • Second trophic level | Contains the primary consumers which eat the primary producers including herbivores, decomposers and detritivores, e.g. insects, grasshoppers, deer and wildebeest
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| • Third trophic level | Contains the secondary consumers, primary carnivores which eat the herbivores, e.g. mice, spiders and many birds
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| • Fourth trophic level | Contains the tertiary consumers, secondary carnivores who eat the primary carnivores, e.g. weasel, owl, sharks and wolves.
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| Food webs | Intricate pathways of energy flow and material cycling
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| • Gross primary productivity | The rate at which the primary producers capture and store energy per unit time.
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| Biological magnification | The tendency for toxic substances to increase in concentration at progressively higher levels of the food chain
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| Ecological succession | A directional, cumulative change in the species that occupy a given area, through time
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| • Primary succession | Starts from barren ground, e.g. new islands or de-glaciated areas
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| • Secondary succession | Starts from disturbed areas, e.g. abandoned farm land or storm ravaged land
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| Pioneer community | The first organisms to occupy an area
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| Transitional communities | Communities may come and go
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| Climax community | A stable, self-perpetuating array of species in equilibrium with one another and their habitat
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| Biodiversity | Biodiversity, the number of different species within an area
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| • Biome | A large region of land characterized by the climax vegetation of the ecosystems within its boundaries
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| • Weather | The condition of the atmosphere at any given time
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| • Climate | The accumulation of weather events over a long period of time (temperatures, humidity, wind, cloud cover, rainfall)
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| • Climate is dependent upon several factors: | Solar radiation
The earth's daily rotation
The earth's rotation around the sun
The distributions of continents and oceans
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Created by:
bemcbee
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