Facts about inhalants, specifically difluoroethane, pertaining to toxicology
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| What is difluoroethane? | An alternative fluorocarbon found in aerosols (i.e. DustOff)
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| What are some signs of inhalant use? | Residue around nose or mouth.
Huffer's rash.
Nausea.
Watery, bloodshot eyes.
Intense headaches.
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| What are the routes of administration for inhalants? | Sniffing or snorting (direct inhalation)
Huffing (inhale from saturated rag)
Bagging (inhale from product sprayed in bag)
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| Describe the toxicity of inhalants. | Death is caused by hypoxia, a lack of oxygen to the brain.
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| What is sudden sniffing syndrome? | Fatal cardiac arythmia caused by inhalant use
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| How should samples be collected? | Collect the sample immediately, seal in a headspace vial.
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| What types of specimens should be collected? | Antemortem: blood, urine
Postmortem: blood, lung, liver, adipose
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| What demographics are seen with difluoroethane use? | 100% caucasian
71% male
Ages 18-47
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| Hoe long do the effects of difluoroethane last? | The effects have a rapid onset and short duration. The user may not appear impaired by the time of arrest.
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| Describe the elimination of difluoroethane. | Elimination by the 2 compartment model. Fast elimination from the blood followed by a slower elimination from the adipose tissues.
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| What affect does difluoroethane have on the breath alcohol test? | DFE interferes with the breath alcohol test, but alcohol can still be quantified in the tox lab.
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