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Muscle names, origin, insertion, and action

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Muscle Name
Origin
Insertion
Action
Orbicularis Oris   Maxillary Bone; Mandible   Lips   Closes and protrudes lips as in speaking, kissing, and whistling  
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Buccinator   Maxillary Bone; Mandible   Blends with Fibers of Orbicularis Oris   Compresses cheek while whistling or blowing  
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Zygomaticus Major   Zygomatic Bone   Angle of Mouth   Raises lateral corner of mouth for smiling  
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Zygomaticus Minor   Zygomatic Bone   Upper Lip   Raises upper lip  
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Levator Labii Superioris   Inferior Aspect of Bony Orbit   Blends with Fibers of Orbicularis Oris   Elevates upper lip; dilates nostrils  
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Depressor Anguli Oris   Anterolateral Surface of Mandible   Skin at Angle of Mouth   Depresses angle of mouth  
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Mentalis   Anterior Surface of Mandible   Skin of Chin   Protrudes lower lip; wrinkles skin at chin  
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Masseter   Zygomatic Arch   Lateral Surface of Mandibular Ramus   Elevates mandible to close jaw; protrudes mandible  
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Temporalis   Temporal Bone   Coronoid Process of Mandible   Elevates mandible to close jaw; retrudes mandible  
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Hyoglossus   Hyoid Bone   Tongue   Depresses Tongue  
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Sternocleidomastoid   Manubrium; Medial One-Third of Clavicle   Mastoid process; occipital bone near mastoid process   flexion and lateral flexion of neck; rotates head so that face is turned superiorly and to the opposite side  
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Mylohyoid   Inferior Margin of Mandible at the Chin   Hyoid Bone   Elevates hyoid bone, tongue, and floor of mouth during swallowing and speaking  
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Sternohyoid   Mandubrium   Hyoid Bone   Depresses larynx and hyoid bone during swallowing  
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Depressor Labii Inferioris   Anterolateral surface of mandible   Skin of lower lip   Depresses lower lip  
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Thyrohyoid   Thyroid cartilage of larynx   Hyoid Bone   Depresses hyoid bone; elevates larynx  
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Splenius   Spinous processes of inferior cervical and superior thoracic vertebrae   Mastoid Process, occipital bone and transverse process of superior cervical vertebrae   Laterally flexes, rotates, and extends head and neck  
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Scalenes (Posterior, Middle, and Anterior)   Transverse processes of cervical vertebrae   First and second ribs   Lateral flexion of neck, elevates ribs 1 and 2 during forced inspiration  
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Levator Scapulae   Transverse processes of superior 4 cervical vertebrae   Medial border of scapulae near superior angle   Elevates scapula; inferior rotation of scapula  
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External Intercostals   Inferior border of superior rib   Superior border of inferior rib   Elevates ribs during normal inspiration  
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Internal Intercostals   Superior border of inferior rib   Inferior border of superior rib   Depresses the ribs during forced expiration  
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Rectus Abdominus   Pubic crest; pubic symphysis   Xiphoid process, costal cartilages of ribs 5-7   Flexion of vertebral column; stabilizes pelvis during walking, increases intraabdominal pressure during forced expiration  
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External Oblique   External surfaces of superior 8 ribs   Linea alba; pubic crest, pubic tubercle; iliac crest   Rotation and lateral flexion of trunk; increases intraabdominal pressure during forced expiration  
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Internal Oblique   Thoracolumbar fascia; iliac crest; inguinal ligament   Linea alba; pubic crest; inferior 3 or 4 ribs   Rotation and lateral flexion of trunk; increases intraabdominal pressure during forced expiration  
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Transversus Abdominis   Thoracolumbar fascia; inguinal ligament; costal cartilages of inferior 6 ribs; iliac crest   Linea alba; pubic crest   Increases intraabdoninal pressure during forced expiration  
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Nasalis   Maxilary Bone; Alar cartilage of Nose   Bridge of Nose   Compresses and dilates nostrils  
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Orbicularis Oculis   Medial Aspect of Bony Orbit   Skin around Eyelids   Closes eyelid; acts during squinting and blinking  
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