Made up of ilium, pubic bone, and ischium bones; iliofemeroal (prevents hyperextension and controls external rotation and adduction), isciofemoral (prevents internal rotation and adduction), and pubofemoral (prevents abduction) ligaments; iliosoas (hip fl
Groin strain
Groin= iliosoas, rectus femoris, and adductor group
Running, jumping or twisting with external rotation
Sudden twinge during activity
RICE and NSAIDS
Dislocated hip
Traumatic force directed along long axis of femur
Hip is flexed, adducted, and internally rotated, head of femur is posterior to acetabulum
Hospital, immobilization, and crutches
Avascular necrosis= complication- loss of blood supply
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease
Avascular necrosis of femoral head
comon in children 4-10
Pain in groin, limping, decreased ROM
Bed rest, special brace to avoid weight bearing
Hip
Joint made up of pelvis and Femur (attached at Acetabulum), blood supply: femoral artery, great saphenous vein, femoral vein, nerves: tibial nerve, common peroneal nerve, sciatic nerve
Hamstring
Controls hip extension and knee flexion
Quadriceps
Controls hip flexion and knee extension
Quadriceps contusion
Direct blow to area
Pain, loss of function, capillary effusion, decreased knee flexion (depends)
RICE, NSAIDs, stretching, crutches protective pad
Quadriceps muscle strain
Sudden stretch (exc. flexion or sudden contraction)
Superficial- slight pain/discomfort, possible ecchymosis
Deep- pain, point tenderness, ecchymosis, spasm and loss of function
Rupture- little disability and discomfort, noticeable deformity
RICE, NSA
Hamstring muscle strain
Most common injury of thigh
Muscle fatigue, faulty posture, leg length discrepancy or muscle imbalance
Grade 1- soreness and tenderness
Grade 2- sudden snap or tear, severe pain and loss of function in knee flexion
Grade 3- severe swelling, tenderness
Acute Femoral Fracture
Generally middle third of shaft
Great force or direct blow to area
pain over fracture site or weight bearing, swelling, crepitous, and deformity
Monitor for shock, splint, and physician
Myotisis Ossificans
Calcifications in muscle from too much blood flow- must get removed
Knee
Tibia, Fibia, and patella- sesamoid (extension) bones; Tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints; MCL (stabilizes medial aspect), LCL (stabilizes lateral aspect), ACL (prevents tibia from moving anteriorly), and PCL (prevents tibia from moving posteriorly) l
Meniscus
Deepens tibial surface, provides cushion and maintains space between tibial condyles and tibial plateau (medial is C-shaped, lateral is O-shaped)
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