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Upper Leg

Ch. 13 and 14 Anatomy and Injuries

QuestionAnswer
Pelvis Made up of ilium, pubic bone, and ischium bones; iliofemeroal (prevents hyperextension and controls external rotation and adduction), isciofemoral (prevents internal rotation and adduction), and pubofemoral (prevents abduction) ligaments; iliosoas (hip fl
Groin strain Groin= iliosoas, rectus femoris, and adductor group Running, jumping or twisting with external rotation Sudden twinge during activity RICE and NSAIDS
Dislocated hip Traumatic force directed along long axis of femur Hip is flexed, adducted, and internally rotated, head of femur is posterior to acetabulum Hospital, immobilization, and crutches Avascular necrosis= complication- loss of blood supply
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease Avascular necrosis of femoral head comon in children 4-10 Pain in groin, limping, decreased ROM Bed rest, special brace to avoid weight bearing
Hip Joint made up of pelvis and Femur (attached at Acetabulum), blood supply: femoral artery, great saphenous vein, femoral vein, nerves: tibial nerve, common peroneal nerve, sciatic nerve
Hamstring Controls hip extension and knee flexion
Quadriceps Controls hip flexion and knee extension
Quadriceps contusion Direct blow to area Pain, loss of function, capillary effusion, decreased knee flexion (depends) RICE, NSAIDs, stretching, crutches protective pad
Quadriceps muscle strain Sudden stretch (exc. flexion or sudden contraction) Superficial- slight pain/discomfort, possible ecchymosis Deep- pain, point tenderness, ecchymosis, spasm and loss of function Rupture- little disability and discomfort, noticeable deformity RICE, NSA
Hamstring muscle strain Most common injury of thigh Muscle fatigue, faulty posture, leg length discrepancy or muscle imbalance Grade 1- soreness and tenderness Grade 2- sudden snap or tear, severe pain and loss of function in knee flexion Grade 3- severe swelling, tenderness
Acute Femoral Fracture Generally middle third of shaft Great force or direct blow to area pain over fracture site or weight bearing, swelling, crepitous, and deformity Monitor for shock, splint, and physician
Myotisis Ossificans Calcifications in muscle from too much blood flow- must get removed
Knee Tibia, Fibia, and patella- sesamoid (extension) bones; Tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints; MCL (stabilizes medial aspect), LCL (stabilizes lateral aspect), ACL (prevents tibia from moving anteriorly), and PCL (prevents tibia from moving posteriorly) l
Meniscus Deepens tibial surface, provides cushion and maintains space between tibial condyles and tibial plateau (medial is C-shaped, lateral is O-shaped)
Gastrocnemius and Soleus knee flexion
Leg alignment Genu valgum- knock-kneed Genu varum- bow-legged Genu recurvatum- hyperextended
Created by: jordanwj19
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