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Scientific Investigation and Reasoning

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Term
Definition
descriptive investigation   A method of scientific exploration in which a hypothesis is not required.  
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comparative investigation   A lab investigation that follows a plan to determine how changing one variable affects results; compares two or more things. You will manipulate a variable and form a hypothesis. Example:which shoe will hold up better on the basketball court?  
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experimental investigation   a method of scientific exploration with a set hypothesis and controlled conditions  
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science   An organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural and man-made world.  
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observation   Information obtained through the senses.  
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inference   A logical conclusion based on observations with past knowledge and experience  
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collect   gather data  
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record   saving data through written or technological devices  
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safety   being protected from or unlikely to cause danger  
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Corrosive   eating away gradually usually by chemicals (acid and bases)  
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Flammable   Able to catch fire easily  
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Flush   to spray or wash away  
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irritant   a substance that causes slight inflammation or other discomfort to the body  
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qualitative   Data in the form of words through senses  
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quantitative   Data that is in numbers  
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variable   A factor that can change in an experiment  
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independent variable   a factor that can is changed or manipulated or the variable whose effect is being studied  
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dependent variable   The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of another variable.  
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controlled variable   Factor in an experiment that a scientist purposely keeps the same  
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controlled experiment   An experiment in which only one variable is manipulated at a time.  
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theory   A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant amount of data and is reliable  
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hypothesis   A proposed answer to a question or a testable prediction or an educated guess  
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