Clinical exam 4
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Complete recovery of swallowing reflex takes ____ after return of consciousness after propofol anesthesia | 15 min
🗑
|
||||
| 15 mg of valium depresses the swallowing reflex up to _____ | 4 hrs
🗑
|
||||
| Versed depresses swallowing reflex up to ____ after return to normal state of consciousness | 2 hrs
🗑
|
||||
| In healthy adult males, administration of ____% nitrous oxide as a sedative caused marked depression of swallowing reflex | 50%
🗑
|
||||
| Opioids & benzos together have marked _____ reponse to the respiratory responsiveness | synergistic
🗑
|
||||
| Besides hypoxia, airway obstruction, & death, other possible disadvantages include (there are 6): | lack of control over the airway, technique failure, pt dissatisfaction, surgeon dissatisfaction, excitement, prolonged recovery
🗑
|
||||
| In a normal awake subject, upper airway collapse is prevented by __________ that holds open the pharynx, larynx, & trachea | upper airway dilator muscle tone
🗑
|
||||
| Upper airway dilator muscle tone is exquisitely sensitive to ______ drugs | sedative-hypnotic drugs
🗑
|
||||
| When airway tone decreases, the diameter of the airway is _____ & airway resistance is markedly _______. Which law is this? | diameter is reduced, resistance is increased. Poiseuille's Law
🗑
|
||||
| In the alveolar gas equation, if PACO2 increases from 40 to 80 d/t hypoventilation, PAO2 will decrease from 100 to _____ | 50
🗑
|
||||
| What is the alveolar gas equation? | PAO2 = FiO2(Pb - Ph20)-(PaCO2/R)
🗑
|
||||
| What is the normal partial pressure of water (Ph20)? | 47 mmHg
🗑
|
||||
| What are the 5 causes of hypoxemia? | Low FiO2, hypoventilation, V/Q mismatch, diffusion abnormalities, pulmonary right-to-left shunt
🗑
|
||||
| What are the 2 causes of hypercarbia? | hypoventilation & V/Q mismatch
🗑
|
||||
| What is the mechanism of action of benzos? | benzos enhance the chloride gating function of GABA by fascilitating the binding of this inhibitory neurotransmitter to its receptor
🗑
|
||||
| GABA receptors are found throughout ____, with concentrations in ________ | CNS, cerebral cortex
🗑
|
||||
| Actions of GABA on CNS include (4 things): | alterations in sleep, anxiety, memory & (in larger doses) hypnosis
🗑
|
||||
| Enhancement of GABA causes ________ | disinhibitory behavior (pt may become less cooperative)
🗑
|
||||
| Which ion channel function is enhanced by benzos? | Chloride channel (benzos enhance Cl- gating fxn of GABA by facilitating the binding of this inhibitory NT to its receptor)
🗑
|
||||
| Sedation is defined as..... | a pharmacologically induced depression of consciousness consisting of varying degrees of amnesia, anxiolysis & analgesia tailored to the pt's needs for the procedure. Continuum is from minimal (light) sedation through deep sedation/GA
🗑
|
||||
| Minimal sedation is defined as..... | a drug-induced state during which pts respond normally to verbal commands. Although cognitive fxn & physical coordination may be impaired, airway reflexes, & ventilatory & CV fxns are usually unaffected
🗑
|
||||
| Moderate sedation is also called _______ _______ | conscious sedation
🗑
|
||||
| Moderate sedation is defined as..... | a drug-induced depression of consciousness; pts respond purposefully to verbal commands, either alone or accompanied by light tactile stimulation. No interventions are req'd to maintain a patent airway, & spont vent is usually adequate. CV fxn maintained
🗑
|
||||
| Reflex withdrawal from a painful stimulus (is / is not) considered a purposeful response | is not
🗑
|
||||
| Deep sedation/analgesia is defined as..... | a drug-induced depression of consciousness; pts cannot be easily aroused, but respond purposefully following repeated or painful stimulation. Spont vent may be inadequate. May have impaired ability to maintain airway. CV fxn usually maintained
🗑
|
||||
| General anesthesia is defined as ... | drug-induced LOC. Pts are not arousble, even to painful stimulation. Ability to maintain vent fxn is often impaired. Often req assistance to maintain patent airway & may need positive pressure ventilation. CV fxn may be impaired
🗑
|
||||
| 5 Goals of sedation from American Academy of Pediatrics are: | - to guard pt's safety & welfare.
- minimize discomfort & pain.
- minimize negative psychological responses to treatment by providing analgesia, & maximize amnesia potential
- control behavior
- return pt to state of safe discharge
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
Thommy413
Popular Science sets