basic chairside instruments and tray systems
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Hatchet | there is an angle in the shank of the hatchet and the blade is flat. Its used in a downward motion to refine the cavity walls and to obtain retention in the cavity preparation
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| Hoe | used in a pulling motion to smooth and shape the floor of the cavity preparation. shaped with straight and angled shanks and all of them have cutting edges
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| Wedelstaedt | a type of chisel that have slightly curved shanks and are used for class 3 and 4 cavity preparations
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| Bin-angle | a two angle shape of the shank used in posterior areas of the oral cavity
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| Tapered Fissure Straight | forms divergent walls of the cavity preparation. the tip is cone form that comes to a point at the tip. there is no there are no cuts along the bur
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| Plain Fissure Straight | forms the cavity walls of the preparation. it is a straight tip with no cuts along the bur
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| Plain Fissure Cross-Cut | forms the cavity walls of the preparation. there are cuts along the bur
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| Tapered Fissure Cross-Cut | Forms divergent walls of the cavity preparation. it does have cuts along the bur
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| Second Number In BLACKS | the length of the blade in millimeters
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| Chisel | used to shape and plane enamel and dentin walls of the cavity preparation. the blade is straight and has a cutting edge
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| Excavator | also known as "spoons" are used to remove carious material and debris from the teeth, removing excess cement, tucking rubber dam material and packing gingival retraction cord
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| Condenser/ Plugger | used to pack amalgam in the cavity preparation
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| Periodontal Probes | are used to measure the depth of the gingival sulcus. they can be single or double ended instruments and measure in millimeters
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| Plastic Filling Instruments | are used to place and condense pliable restorative materials and place cement bases in the cavity preparation
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| Indirect Vision | when the operator uses a mouth mirror to view areas of the oral cavity not seen with direct vision
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| Round Bur | used first to open the cavity and remove carious tooth structure. they are round on the tip with no cuts
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| Wheel Bur | form retention in preparations. shaped like a tiny pinwheel
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| Pear Bur | opens and extends the cavity preparation. shaped like a tear drop
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| End Cutting Bur | forms the shoulder or crown preparations. its straight with cuts on the tip of the bur
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| Step 1 of Maintaining Handpieces | While still attached flush handpiece for 20 to 30 seconds
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| Step 2 of Maintaining Handpieces | scrub and remove debris, rinse and dry
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| Step 3 of Maintaining Handpieces | Lubricate if it is lube free then sterilize
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| Step 4 of maintaining Handpieces | Sterilize as directed
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| Step 5 of maintaining Handpieces | Lubricate if instructed
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| Low Speed Handpiece | AKA straight handpiece because the head and shank are in a straight line, used in operatory to polish teeth and restorations, remove soft carious material and define cavity margins and walls and in the lab are used to adjust, finish and polish. no coolant
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| Electric Handpiece | mostly used in dental offices, can be used for high and low speeds at a range of 27.000 to 200.000 RPM with various atachments
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| Head/ Working End | where the bur is located on the handpiece
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| Coolant | water the flows along the high speed handpiece so it does not overheat or kill the pulp of the tooth
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| High Speed Handpiece | operates at 400.000 RPMs or higher and is a smooth one piece design with a contra- angle
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| Rubber Points | used to polish and are especially adaptable when defining anatomy in restorations
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| Finishing Burs | they smooth and finish metal restorations ad natural tooth colored materials. they can have up to 30 blades: RED 8 & 12 blades: YELLOW 16 & 20 blades: WHITE 30 blades
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| Diamond Burs | used for rapid reduction of tooth structure during cavity preparation, polishing and finishing composite restorations and occlusal adjustment, and for bone and gingival contouring during surgical procedures
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| Inverted Cone Burs | removes caries and makes undercuts in the preparation. gets larger toward the end of the tip
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| Cutting Burs | 9 basic shapes include round, inverted cone, plain fissure straight, plain fissure crosscut, tapered fissure straight, tapered fissure crosscut, end cutting, wheel and pear. they have 6-8 blades or surfaces
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| Contra-Angle | the head slightly angled to the shank of the handpiece
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| Abrasives | non bladed instruments used to finish and polish restorations and appliance's. some are used for cutting
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| Straight Handpiece | used with long shank rotary instruments such as burs, discs and stones with attachment heads such as contra- angle and right angle
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| Burnisher | used to smooth rough margins of the restoration and to shape metal matrix bands. they come in different shapes such as BALL, T-BALL, ACORN and BEVERTAIL
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| Direct Vision | when the operator can see the oral cavity without the use of a mouth mirror, usually the mandibular arch excluding the anterior surface facing the tongue
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| Reflection of Light | illumination of an area being examined or treated
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| Explorers | single or double ended, used to examine surfaces of the teeth to direct and irregularity. part of the Basic Dental Tray Setup and come in different shapes, PIG TAIL, SHEPARDS HOOK, RIGHT ANGLE and 17
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| Parts of a Dental Handpiece | working end (head), Shank, Connection end
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| Working End (Head) | where the bur, discs, stones and other rotary attachments are held and cutting and polishing are accomplished
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| Shank | the handle portion of the handpiece
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| Connection End | where the handpiece attaches to the power source and the forward and reverse switch is also located
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| Cutting Pieces | angle formers, chisels, excavators, gingival margin trimmers (GMT) hatchets and hoes
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| Angle Formers | used in a downward pushing motion to form and define point angles. double ended so it can be used on the right and left surfaces of the cavity preparation
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| Gingival Margin Trimmers (GMT) | similar to the hatchet with 2 differences. 1st the blade is curved not flat and 2nd the cutting edge is at an angle, with double ends that curve right and left for distal and mesial surfaces
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| Dental Burs | are rotary instruments that include discs and stones attached to the dental handpieces
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| Cavity Preparation | preparation for restorations, the hollowing of a tooth for repairs
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