Review 6th grade
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Pangeaea | the name of the singe landmass that broke apart 200 million years ago and gave rise to today's continents
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| compression | stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks
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| tension | stress that stretches rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle
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| shearing | stress that pushes a mass of rock in opposite directions
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| Earthquake | the shaking of the Earth's crust, moving as a result of the plates underneath being in motion
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| Richter Scale | A scale that rates seismic waves as measured by a mechanical seismograph. Used in the late 1980's, but is commonly referred to today. The scale used now is the moment magnitude scale (electronic seismograph)
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| Seismic Waves | a vibration that travels through Earth carrying the energy released during an earthquake (p-waves, s-waves, and surface waves)
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| Fault-Block Mountain | a mountain that forms where two normal faults lift up another block of rock
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| Shield Volcanoes | a wide, gently sloping mountain made of layers of thin lava formed by quiet eruptions
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| Cinder Cone Volcano | a steep, cone-shaped hill or mountain made of volcanic ash, cinders and bombs (thick lava from explosive eruptions) piled up around a volcano's opening
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| Composite Volcano | a tall, cone-shaped mountain in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash and other volcanic material
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| Magma | the molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases and water from the mantle
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| crystal | the shape a mineral takes because its atoms are arranged in a definite pattern
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| Moh's Scale | a scale for determining the hardness of a mineral, named after Friedrich Moh
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| Silicates | any member of the largest group of minerals
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| cleavage | the property of some minerals that causes them to easily break along a smooth, flat surface
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| fracture | the property of some minerals that causes them to break unevenly or along a curved surface
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| luster | the way minerals reflect light
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| What are examples of luster? | glassy, earthly, waxy, metallic
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| streak | the colored powder left behind when a mineral is rubbed against an unglazed tile
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| hardness | the property of minerals in which they are tested to see how easily they can be scratched
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| diamond | hardest known mineral. It can scratch all other substances and is rated a 10 on Moh's scale.
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| talc | the softest known mineral that flakes easily when scratched by a fingernail.
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| What is talc used in? | powders
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| quartz | a mineral in the silicate family that is used in watches, computers, glass and as gemstones
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| ore | a rock in which a useful metal is found that can the3n be crushed and melted to remove the useful metal
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| Igneous rock | a rock that is formed from magma or lava that has cooled and hardened
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| Intrusive rock | a type of igneous rock that forms when magma hardens beneath earth's surface
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| extrusive rock | a type of igneous rock that forms from lava on the earth's surface
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| sedimentary rock | a type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed together
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| What are the 4 processes of sedimentary rock? | 1) erosion
2) deposition
3) compaction
4) cementation
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| What is erosion? | the process in which wind or water carries away fragments of rock
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| What is deposition? | the process in which fragments of rock that have been carried by erosion settle in one place
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| What is compaction? | a process in which sediments are squeezed together by pressure
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| What is cementation? | the process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together
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| metamorphic rock | a type of rock that forms when existing rock is changed by heat, pressure and chemical reactions into another rock
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| Gneiss | a metamorphic rock that formed from granite
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| Rock Cycle | the process in which rocks change into other types of rock or magma
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| weather (as a verb) | to break down due to weather conditions (like erosion due to wind, water, etc)
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