2014 Mr. Halls Aquatics Science Final Review
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Coelenterata | phylum name that means "hollow gut"
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| Cnidaria | phylum name for jellyfish & corals - means stinging animal
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| ectoderm | embryologic cell layer -will make skin, bones and nerves -epidermis
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| endoderm | embryologic cell layer - makes gut and assoc. organs - gastrodermis
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| mesoglea | middle jellylike layer in jellyfish
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| acoelomate | animal without a body cavity
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| polyp | sessile, colonial, asexual immature
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| medusa | mobile, solitary, sexual - missing in Anthozoa
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| velum | inner collar of tissue in Hydromedusa
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| Hydrozoa | class of Cnidariams that include fresh water forms
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| alternation of generation | changing of body form during life cycle
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| siphonophora | floating Hydorzoan colonies
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| Portuguese M-o-war | floating colony - dangerous
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| nematocycst | stinging cell
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| cnidocil | modified flagella- acts as trigger for nematocyst
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| penetrant | carries poison - nematocyst
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| glutinent | type of nematocyst that sticks
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| Scyphozoa | true jellyfish, class name - emphasis on Medusa
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| Moon jelly | have horseshoe shaped gonads - Seyphozoan
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| oral arms | diagnostic for Schyphozoa- extensions of manubrium
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| Lion's mane | largest Cnidarian
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| ephyrae | immature jellyfish
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| strobila | young scyphozoan polyp - cut into medusa
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| planula | ciliated plankton form
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| Box Jelly | very dangerous jellyfish in Australia
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| radial -Radiata | body designed in a circle - filter feeding
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| Anthozoa | class name for Anemones and corals
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| zooxanthellae | common sadistic algae in coral tissue
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| mutualism | partnership where both organisms benefit
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| gorgonians | another name for soft corals
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| scleractinia | modern hard corals
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| alcyonaria | soft corals
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| Ctenophora | comb jellies
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| colloblast | sticky cell in comb jellies
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| comb plates | fixed rows of cilia provide movement for ctenophores
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| Bilateral | animals where mirror images down midline
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| Platyhelmenthes | phylum name for flat worms
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| Nemertina | ribbon worms - colorful
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| proboscis | food capturing device in ribbon worms
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| Permian | geologic period of mass extinction. Pangean formed
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| Rotifera | phylum name for wheel worms - have twin bands of cilia
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| Bryozoa | lace or moss animals - tiny polyp like filter feeders, encrust shells
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| Brachiopoda | lamp shells, one shell larger than the other - look like clams
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| lophophore | circlet of tentacles
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| Annelida | phylum name for segmented worms - probably gave rise to Arthropods
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| ppolychaeta | class name for marine annelids- largest group
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| parapodia | fleshy appendages on each segment in Polychaetes - movement
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| Arthropoda | largest phylum - means "jointed leg"
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| cephalothorax | characteristic of crustacean - head and thorax joined
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| Trilobite | most primitive Arthropod - extinct
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| ecdyasis (molting) | shedding of old exoskeleton
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| chitin | polysaccharide that make exoskeleton
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| mesoderm | embryologic cell layer that makes muscle
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| wampum | toothshells - used as $$ for/by Indians
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| plankton net | catches plankton
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| Gastropoda | class name for snails - means "stomach foot"
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| aperature | opening to a snail shell
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| Blue-ringed octopus | very poisonous
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| Echinoidea | class name for sea urchins, sand dollars
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| hermaphrodism | both sexes in one body
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| madreporite | filter for water vascular system
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| torsion | twisting of snails body
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| Scaphopoda | class name for tooth shells - Dentalium
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| Asteroidea | class name for sea stars
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| foot | muscular appendage of molluscs - reason for their success
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| telson | tail of crustacea
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| krill | small crustacean, light organs, split legs - food for baleen whales
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| Crown of thorns | eat corals, starfish
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| female | crab with wide abdominal flap
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| aboral | upper surface of seastar
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| octopus | most intelligent invertrebrate - master of camoflauge
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| water vascular system | system of tube feel in Echinoderms
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| nauplius | planktonic larve of most crustacea
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| squid | largest invertebrate
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| dextral | snail shell that opens to the right
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| Decapoda | class name of crustacean with 10 legs
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| Cephalochordata | chordate with a head
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| deuterstomes | embryonic development where blastopore becomes anus
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| Mollusca | 2nd largest phylum - soft bodies
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| Pelecypoda (Bivalvia) | class name for clams
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| Cambrian | geologic period where Echinoderms, Arthrobods, Molluscs, Chordates appeared
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| theca | main body region of an Echinoderm
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| hollow dorsal nerve cord | characteristic of Chordates - retained throughout life
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| opisthosoma | back half of body of chelicerate (spider)
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| mantle | tissue that secretes shell in molluscs - multicolored in giant clam
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| ambulacral | groove or plate where tube feet are located
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| sinistril | snail shell that opens to the left
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| fiddler | male crab with one large claw
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| notochord | chordate characteristic - ling rod-like structure
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| copepods | microscopic crustacean - imp. 2nd order consumers in ocean
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| choncologist | a person who studies shells
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| nudibranchs | shell-less marine snails - often brightly colored
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| pentamerous | 5 part radial symmetry
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| neotony | condition in nature where the immature form becomes reproductive
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| radula | rasping tongue of snails
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| heterocercal | type of tail fins of sharks where vertebra goes to end
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| lateral line | series of organs on side of fish sensitive to vibration
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| Urochordata | phylum of sea squirts - chordate characteristics in larva only
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| lobe-finned (Sarcopterygia) | believed to give rise to amphibians 1:2:5 bone
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| Cetacea | whales and dolphins
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| ray-finned (Actinopterygia) | modern fish overlapping scales
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| endothermic homoiotherm | warm bloodedness
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| palatoquadrate | upper movable jaw of shark
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| Agnatha | jawless fish - includes lamprey
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| Chondricthyes | jaws; class of sharks and rays
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| Osteichthyes | bony fish
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| Cephalization | having a head
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| Busycon perversum pulleyi | the lightning whelk. Texas state shell
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| Echinodermata | phylum name means "spiny skin"; includes the sea star
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| 1:2:5 | bone formula of terrestrial vertebrates
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| 3 semicicular canal | this sense organ in 3 directions; allows for better sensing in a pelagic lifestyle
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| Amniotic | type of egg that allowed reptiles to move on land
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| Amphibians | Tertrapods:first vertebrates to come on land; had functional limbs; reproduce in water
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| Ampulla of lorenzini | sensory pits found in snout of sharks used in electro-perception
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| Aves | name for birds
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| Baleen | a sieve-plate used by largest whales to strain food
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| Blue Whale | largest animal that every lived
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| Coelocanth | type of lobe-finned fish that was thought to be extinct and was caught off coast of Africa
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| Echo location | method used by Cetaceans in which sound helps them find food
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| Gap & suck | type of feeding used by Telosteans
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| Great White | largest meat-eating shark
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| Keel | name of extensions of the sternum of birds that allows for better muscle attachment
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| Kemp's ridley | small sea turtle spawns during the day and is most endangered species of sea turtle
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| Manatee | friendly sea mammal is found in Florida and is endangered by boat propellers: also called sea cow
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| Melon | large organ located in front of cranium in dolphins; used to help focus sound waves
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| Mystacoceti | family name of Baleen whales
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| Oil-filled liver | sharks are buoyed by this organ
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| Pinnipeds | name of groupo of fin-footed; includes the seal
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| Placoderm | extinct group of heavily armored jawed fishes; first true ossified bones
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| Placoid | scales that sharks have - similar to teeth
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| Porpoise | smallest Cetacean that has flattened teeth and no snout
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| Reptiles | first true terrestrial vertebrates; had amniotic egg; scales on skin and internal fertilization
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| Right whale | whale is considered very endangered; was at one time considered to be the whale of choice because it was easy to kill and it floated when dead
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| Spiricle | opening behind the skull of sharks and rays that allows for water passage
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| Swim bladder | gas filled organ used for buoyancy in bony fish; believed to have given rise to lungs in terrestrial amphibians
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| Temporal fenestra | opening in skull that allowed for better attachment of jaw muscle
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| Whale shark | largest fish (plankton feeder)
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