Mass Movement, Water Erosion, Glaciers, Waves, and Wind
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| (1) What is Mass Movement? | Mass movement includes several processes caused by gravity that move sediment downhill.
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| (2) What are the four types of mass movement. Explain them. | Landslide, mudslide, creep, and slump. Mudslide: is a rapid movement of soil, rock, and water. They happen in a dry areas and then gets a powerful rainfall or from an earthquake.
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| (3) What is deposition? | Deposition is when sediment is placed in a new location building up on Earth’s surface.
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| (4) What is deflation? | The process where wind picks up sediment and moves it is called deflation.
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| (5) What is sediment? | The material moved by erosion.
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| (6) What is runoff? | Runoff forms when water moves across Earth’s surface after rainfall.
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| (7) What are rills? | Small brooks or rivulets.
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| (8) What are gullys? | Large channels in the soil that carries runoff.
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| (9) What is a stream? | A small, narrow river.
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| (10) What is a river? | A channel along which water is continually flowing down a slope.
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| (11) What features are crated by water erosion? | Waterfall, Oxbow Lake, Meander, V- Shaped Valley, and Floodplain.
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| (12) What is a waterfall? | Forms by eroding soft rock and pours over hard rock.
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| (13) What is an oxbow lake? | Oxbow Lake: When a meander gets cut off and the river flows straight. Oxbow Lakes show a signs that the river is old.
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| (14) What is a meander? | Meander: A bend in the course of a river where water flows across easily eroded sediment.
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| (15) What is a V- Shaped valley? | V- Shaped Valley: A river passes through a V- shaped valley. As the water flow on, the v- shaped valley gets deeper.
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| (16) What is a floodplain? | Floodplain: Forms when a river’s power of erosion doesn't deepen it’s valley, but widens it.
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| (17) What is a delta? | Delta: Forms when a river deposits sediments where it flows into the ocean.
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| (18) What is a Alluvial Fan? | When a river decreases velocity and deposits sediments that form into a fan- shaped mass.
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| (19) What is Karst Topography? | A type of landscape in which caves, deep valleys, and sinkholes are common is called Karst Topography.
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| (20) What two features can form from groundwater deposition? Explain each one. | Stalagmite: A cone shaped deposit that rises from the floor of a cave. Stalactite: A deposit that hangs from the roof of a cave.
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| (21) What features can form from groundwater erosion? | Caves and Sinkholes.
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| (22) List the land features that can be made by glacial erosion. | Horn, Cirque, Glacial Lake, and Arete
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| (23) What is till? | Till are sediments deposited directly by a glacier.
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| (24) What is a Moraine, Drumlin, and Kettle Lake? | Moraine:
Mounds or ridges of till.
Drumlin:
A long mound of till that is higher at one end.
Kettle Lake:
Small depression formed when a block of ice melts is till.
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| (25) What land features are made from wave erosion? | Water cut cliffs, sea caves, sea arches, and sea stacks are all created by wave erosion.
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| (26) What is the difference between a sand dune and a loess? | A sand dune can be much larger especially the ones found in deserts. A loess is a fine sand deposit that can be fertile for planting.
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| (27) What is a barrier beach? | A barrier beach protects the mainland and bay, similar to how a sandbar works. It forms when storm waves pile up sand above sea level.
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| (28) What is a sandbar? | A sandbar protects the mainland behind it. It is a deposit of sand.
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| (29) What is a spit? | A spit is when longshore drift adds sediment to existing land along a shoreline.
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| (30) Extension 1 for #2 | A landslide Happens when soil and rock slid down a steep slope, quickly. The most destructive type of mass movement. Slump: One large mass of soil and rock that suddenly slip down a slope.
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| (31) Extension 2 for #2 | Creep: The downhill movement of soil and rock that happens very slowly.
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| (32) What is the major agent that has shaped Earth’s surface? | Water.
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