Mitosis and Meiosis
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| What is the process of mitosis? | Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
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| What two steps that aren't part of mitosis, but is essential to asexual reproduction? | Interphase and cytokinesis
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| What is mitosis? | Mitosis is cell division that creates two new daughter cells with identical DNA
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| What are three reasons why cells reproduce by asexual reproduction? | For growth, repair, and replacement
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| What happens in interphase? | Chromosomes (chromatin) duplicate and develop into sister chromatids at the end of prophase by condensing
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| What occurs in prophase? | Centrioles appear and begin to move to opposite ends of the cell while spindle fibers form
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| What takes place during metaphase? | Spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of the sister chromatids that are lined up in the center of the cell
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| What happens in anaphase? | Chromatids separate and begin to move to opposite ends of the cell (guided by spindle fibers)
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| What occurs in telophase? | Two new nuclei form and chromosomes appear as chromatin (mitosis ends)
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| What happens after mitosis? | Cytokinesis occurs when a cell membrane moves inward to create two new daughter cells with identical chromosomes and their own nucleus
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| What does interphase consists of? | Gap 1, gap 2, and s phase
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| What four factors control the entry into the m-phase? | The mass factor, growth rate factor, time factor, and replication cells
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| What do the 3 gaps of interphase do? | They get cells ready for mitosis by increasing their size, cells produce new proteins, and
replicating DNA
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| What makes up a chromosome? | Two sister chromatids that are genetically alike
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| When does the nucleus of a cell disappear in mitosis? | At the end of prophase
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| What is meiosis? | When one diploid cell divides and makes four haploid sex cells
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| What are homologous chromosomes? | Pairs of chromosomes that have genes with identical traits in the same order
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| What process has an egg and a sperm cell combining? | Fertilization
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| What type of cell forms from fertilization? | A zygote
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| What are diploid cells? | Cells that have pairs of chromosomes
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| What are haploid cells? | Cells that have only one chromosome from each pair
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| When do two chromosomes cross over? | In prophase 1
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| What happens in prophase 2 compared to prophase 1? | In prophase 2, there is only chromosome left in a cell while in prophase 1 there were 2 chromosomes.
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| What occurs in metaphase 2? | In metaphase 2, chromosomes line up in the center of a cell.
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