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science ocean currents part three

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Question
Answer
what is a current?   a large stream of moving water that flows through the oceans.  
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what does a current do?   it carries water great distances. some currents move water at the surface of the ocean while others move the deep water.  
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things that can effect ocean currents.   wind, temp of the water, density of the water, el Niño.  
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what are surface currents?   is when the affect of water to a depth of several hundred meters, are driven mainly by winds. They move in a circular pattern in 5 major ocean basins.  
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what is the gulf stream?   largest and most powerful surface current in the north Atlantic ocean.  
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what is the gulf stream caused by?   strong winds from the west.  
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what does the gulf stream carry?   warm water from the gulf of Mexico to the Caribbean sea, then northward along the coast of the U.S  
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what is the coriolis effect?   the effect of earths rotation on the direction or winds and currents.  
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what does the coriolis effect do?   in the northern hemisphere it causes the current s to curve clockwise. In the southern hemisphere it causes the currents to curve counter clockwise.  
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what are deep currents?   they are caused by differences in density rather then surface winds.  
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what does density depend on?   temp and salinity.  
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what do the deep currents do?   they carry cold water from the poles back toward the equator.  
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what are the deep currents also affected by?   the colriolos.  
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what is el Niño?   abnormal climate event that occurs every 2 to 7 years in the pacific ocean. it begins when an unusual pattern of winds form over the western pacific.  
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what does el Niño causes?   a vast sheet of warm water to move eastward toward the south American coast. it can last to 1 to 2 years before the usual winds and currents return.  
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