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Composition and shape of bones

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Question
Answer
Flat bones   bones with flat surfaces  
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Irregular bones   bones with irregular shapes (verebrae)  
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Long bones   bones with long shafts (femur)  
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Sesamoid bones   bones that resemble a sesame seed (patella)  
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Short bones   bones that are relatively short (carpals or tarsals)  
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neck (of a bone)   the part near the head. epiphysis  
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plate (of a bone)   growth plate where bone growth occurs. metaphysis  
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shaft (of a bone)   long, slender part of the bone. diaphysis  
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articulation   connection between bones, joint  
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joint   place where bones join  
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insertion   point of attachment of a muscle to the bone it moves  
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origin   a point of attachment of a muscle to a bone that acts as the lever for a specific muscle  
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compact bone (location)   hard external bone  
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cancellous or spongy bone (location)   internal ring  
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medullary canal (location/what it does)   center of bone that contains the bone marrow (which produces blood cells)  
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osteoblasts   cells that form bone  
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osteroclasts   cells that break down bone  
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osteocytes   bone cells  
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hyaline cartilage   elastic cushiony and slippery. makes the articular surfaces at the joints  
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white fibro cartilage   elastic, flexible, and tough. found in joints such as the knee  
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ligaments   located at moveable joints. bones are held together by ligaments  
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