Zoology
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| tagmatization | specialization of regions of the body for specific functions, as seen in arthropods
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| ecdysis | what is the shedding process where the arthropod exoskeleton must be shed to allow growth?
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| metmorphosis | having this between larval and adult stages of arthropods reduces competition for resources
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| biramous | appendages of trilobites that were divided into two lobes
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| meristomata | class that horseshoe crabs belong to
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| prosoma | cephalothorax of chelicerates
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| digestive organs | what does the chelicerate opisthosoma contain?
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| arachnida | spiders, ticks, and scorpions belong to the arthropod class
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| arachnids | most zoologists believe that these were the first arthropods to invade land
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| book lungs | many arachnids utilize these for respiration, which are believed to be modifications of book gills
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| webs | many spiders produce these that are used to trap small arthropods on which they feed
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| acarina | the chigger or "red bug" is a member of the arachnid order
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| ticks | carry and transmit the bacteria that causes Lyme Disease
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| aquatic | the majority of crustaceans are this
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| carapace | the portion of the crustacean exoskeleton that covers the cephalothorax
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| isopoda | terrestrial crustaceans are quite rare, but terrestrial pill bugs belong to which order
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| sessile | adult barnacles are unusual in lifestyle because they are this
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| decapoda | crayfish, lobsters, and shrimps belong to which order
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| flight | insect dominance in terrestrial environments is due in part to the evolution of this
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| diplopoda | millipedes belong to which arthropod class
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| scavengers and detritivores | millipedes may be categorized as this
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| myriapoda | centipedes belong to which subphylum
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| head, thorax, and abdomen | what are the three tagmata of insects
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| thorax | the legs and wings of insects are attached to what
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| spiracles | the external openings of the respiratory system of insects are what
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| uric acid | the primary nitrogenous waste excreted by insects
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| malpighian tubules | the excretory organs of insects
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| ametabolous | insects in which the larvae appear to be exact miniatures of the adults exhibit what kind of metamorphosis
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| nymphs | immature stages associated with hemimetabolous metamorphosis
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| butterflies | which insect is holometabolous
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| larvae | immature insects undergoing holometabolous metamorphosis are called this because they are bery different from the adult morphology
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| isoptera | entirely social order of insects
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| caste | each kind of individual in an insect colony
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| queens | reproductive females in a social insect colony
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| hymenoptera | bees, ants, and wasps belong to which insect order
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| lepidoptera | butterflies and moths belong to which insect order
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| odonata | dragonflies and damselflies belong to which insect order
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| trilobitomorpha | extinct subphylum
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| chelicerata | subphylum that is made up of meristomata, arachnida, pycnogonida
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| aranea | spiders
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| acaria | mites, ticks
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| scorpionida | scorpions
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| pycnogonida | sea spiders
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| crustacea | subphylum that is made up of malacostraca and maxillopoda
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| malacostraca | lobster, crab, shrimp
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| maxillopoda | barnacles, pill bugs
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| hexapoda | subphylum that is made up of insecta
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| myriapoda | subphylum that is made up of deplopoda and chelopada
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| exoskeleton | provides support and protection, prevention of dehydration, sites for muscle attachment
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| chitinous exoskeleton, paired-jointed appendages, growth with ecdysis, pen circulatory system, complete digestive tract | arthropod characteristics
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| metamorphosis | reduces competition between stages for food and living space
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| chilopoda | class that centipedes belong to
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| open | what kind of circulatory system to insects have?
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| arthropods | segmented, bilateral body; jointed appendages; exoskeleton; open circulatory system; ventral nerve cord; compound eyes
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| versatile exoskeleton; segmentation; oxygen piped directly to cells (terrestrial); highly developed sensory organs; complex behavior; metamorphosis | arthropods' reasons for success
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| trulobita | extinct; one pair of antennae; biramous appendages
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| chelicerata | no antenna; no mandibles; 4 pair of walking legs; 1 pair of pedipalps
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| merostomata | limulus; carapace; telson
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| arachnida | 4 pair of legs; some have 2 body segments; most are predators, inject enzymes into prey, suck fluid into pharynx
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| araneae | fangs with poison glands; silk glands
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| acari | body segments fused
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| crustacea | two pair of antennae; biramous appendages
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| uniramia | one pair of antennae; uniramous appendages
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| chilopoda | one pair of legs per body segment; poison fang; flattened body; carnivores
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| diplopoda | two pair of appendages per body segment; cylindrical body; herbivores
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