chapter 4
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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Cartilage | Non vascular, firm connective tissue found mostly in joints
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Chiropractic | Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of mechanical disorders of the musculoskeletal system
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chiropractor | practitioner of chiropractic
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detoxification(same as Detoxication) | removing poison from a tissue or substance
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Ligament | Band of fibrous tissue connecting two structures
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musscle | a tissue consisting of cells that can contract
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musculoskeletal | Pertaining to the muscles and the bony skeleton.
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orthopedic | Pertaining to the correction and cure of deformities and diseases of the musculosketal system; originally most of the deformities treated were in children
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orthopedist | Specialist in orthopedics
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osteopath | Practitioner of osteopathy
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Osteopathy | Medical practice based on maintaining the balance of the body.
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tendon |
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Cortex | outer portion of an organ such as a bone.
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cortical(adj) | Pertaining to a cortex
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diaphysis | the shaft of the long bone
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epiphysis | Expanded area at the proximal and distal ends of a long bone to provide increased surface area for attachment of ligaments and tendons.
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Epiphysial | pertaining to epiphysis
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Haverian canals | vascular canals in bone
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Marrow | Fatty, blood forming tissue in the cavities of the long bones
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Medulla | Central portion of a structure surrounded by cortex.
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Medullary(adj) | pertaining to the medulla
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perosteum | Strong membrane surrounding a bone
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Periosteal(adj) | pertaining to periosteum
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achondroplasia | Condition with abnormal early conversion of cartilage into bone leading to dwarfism
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osteogensis imperfecta | Inherited condition when bone formation is incomplete leading to fragile easily broken bones.
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osteomalacia | soft flexible bones lacking in calicum(rickets)
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ostepmyelitis | inflammation of bone tissue
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osteopenia | decreased calcification of bone
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osteoporosis | Condition in which he bones become more porous,brittle and fragile and more likely to fracture.
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rickets | disease caused by vitamin D deficiency producing soft and flexible bones
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Sarcoma | Malignant tumor originating in connective tissue
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osteogenic sarcoma | Malignant tumor originating in bone producing cells
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alignment | Having structure inits correct position relative to others
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comminuted | a fracture in which the bone is broken down into pieces
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malunion | When the two bony ends fail to heal together correctly.
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nonunion | total failure of healing fracture.
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osteoblast | bone-forming cell
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osteocyte | bone maintaining cell
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Pathologic fracture | Fracture occurring at a site already weakened by a disease process, such as cancer.
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reduction | restore a structure to its normal postion
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traction | Pulling or dragging force
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closed fracture(simple fracture) | a bone is broken but skin is not
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open fracture(compound fracture) | a fragment of the fractured bone breaks the skin or a wound extends to the site of the fracture.
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displaced fracture | the fractured bone parts are out of line
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complete fracture | a bone is broken into at least two fragments
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incomplete fracture | the fracture does not extend completely across the bone. it can be hairline, as in stress fracture in the foot, when there is no seperation of the two fragments
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transverse | the fracture is at right angles to the long axis of the bone
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impacted | the fracture consists of one bone fragment driven into another, resulting in shortening of a limb
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spiral | the fracture spirals around the long axis of the bone
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oblique | The fracture runs across the long axis of the bone.
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linear | the fracture runs parallel to the long axis of the bone
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green stick fracture | this is partial fracture. One side breaks and the other bends.
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compression | the fracture occurs in a vertebra from trauma or pathology leading to the vertebra being crushed
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stress | this is a fatigue fracture caused by repetitive, local stress on a bone, as occurs in marching or running.
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cervical | Pertaining to the neck region
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coccyx | small tailbone at the lowest end of the vertebral column
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kyphosis | a normal posterior curve of the spine that can be exaggerated in disease
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kyphotic | Pertaining to kyphosis
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lumbar | the region of the back and sides between the ribs and pelvis.
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sacrum | segment of the vertebral column that forms part of the pelvis
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sacral(adj) | pertaining to or in the neighborhood of the sacrum
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scoliosis | an abnormal lateral curvature of the vertebral column
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scoliotic | pertaining to or suffering from scoliosis
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spine | vertebral column or a short projection from a bone
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spinal | pertaining to the spine
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vertebra vertebrae(pl) vertebral(adj) | one of the bones of the spinal column
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whiplash | syptoms caused by sudden uncontrolled extension and flexion of the neck often in an automobile accident.
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