6 Sci Test 7 Ch 4A
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| astronomy | the study of the star, planets, and all other heavenly bodies
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| astronomers | scientist who study outer space
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| vacuum | an area containing no air or any other matter
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| friction | the force that resists motion
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| galaxy | a star system containing from millions to billions of stars
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| Milky Way | the galaxy in which we live
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| Local Group | the cluster of about 40 galaxies that includes the Milky Way
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| barred spiral | a spiral galaxy in which the spiral arms are attached to a straight "bar" that runs through the center of the galaxy
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| nebulae | large clouds of gas and dust in space
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| constellation | the star outlining an imaginary picture in the sky
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| axis of rotation | an imaginary line that stretches from pole to pole through the interior of the earth, around which the earth rotates
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| core (of sun) | the central part of the sun that is the hottest region
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| photosphere | the sun's visible surface ("sphere of light:")
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| sunspots | darker spots of blotches that slowly move across the face of the sun as the sun rotates
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| solar eclipse | an event that occurs when the earth's moon passes in front of the sun, blocking the sun's light
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| chromosphere | the part of the sun's atmosphere closest to the sun's surface, has a delicate pink or orange color ("sphere of color")
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| corona | hottest region of the sun's atmosphere; a haze of very hot gases that extends hundreds of thousands of miles from the surface of the sun
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| solar wind | a faint "wind" of high-speed particles that stream from the sun
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| light year | the distance light travels in one year (about 5.9 trillion miles)
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| nova | an occurrence when a star suddenly flares up to many times its original brightness
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| supernova | the actual explosion of a star
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| Andromeda galaxy | most distant object visible with the unaided eye
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| closest 3 galaxies to our own | Sagittarius Dwarf galaxy, Large Magellanic Cloud and Small Magellanic Cloud
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| 3 types of galaxies | spiral, elliptical & irregular
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| Polaris | name of the North Star also in Ursa Minor
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| Sirius | brightest star in the sky
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| Proxima Centauri | Closest star (except Sun) to Earth,
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| distance from the earth to the sun | 93 million miles
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| Algol | star in constellation Perseus
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| Regulus | star in constellation Leo (The Lion)
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| Deneb | star in constellation Cygnus (The Swan)
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| Castor | star in constellation Gemini (The Twins)
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| Pollux | star in constellation Gemini (The Twins)
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| Betelgeuse | star in constellation Orion (The Hunter)
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| Rigel | star in constellation Orion (The Hunter)
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| Aldebaran | star in constellation Taurus (The Bull)
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| Sirius | star in constellation Canis Major (The Big Dog)
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| Alpha Centauri | star in constellation Centaurus
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| solar prominence | a huge loop of cooler gas that erupts thousands of miles from the chromosphere
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| solar flare | tremendous burst of energy on sun caused by sudden changes in sun's magnetic field
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| apparent magnitude | the apparent brightness of a star as seen from the earth absolute magnitude
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| absolute magnitude | the actual brightness of a star, or how much light the star produces
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| binary star | a group of two stars that circle around each other; a double star
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| optical double | a pair of stars that appear very close together from our perspective on earth, but are actually far apart
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