Bacteria01
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| What are the three main shapes of Bacteria? What are the benifets of each shape? | Bacilli- Rod Shaped- large surface area takes in more nutriets
Cocci- Sphere- don't dry out as easily
Sprilla- Spiral- Can move like a corkscrew using flagella at each end
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| What are prokaryotes and eukaryotes? | Prokaryotes- do not have a nucleus. Are smaller. Bacteria are Prokaryotes.
Eukaryotes- These have a nucleus
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| How do cells reproduce? What are the steps of this process? | Cells reproduce using Binary Fission.
1- The Cell grows
2- A copy of the DNA is made and attaches to the cell membrane.
3- The copy of the DNA and the orginal DNA sepreates as the cell grows even larger.
4- The cell splits into 2
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| How are Eubacteria and Archaebacteria different? | Archaebacteria can live in very harsh conditions and are not pathogenic.
Eubacteria is not capable of living in harsh conditions and some bacteria in this kingdom are pathogenic. Archaebacteria also produces methane while Eubac. does not.
Eubacteria
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| Who discovered bacteria and what did he call them? | Anton Leewenhoek and he called them animalcules.
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| What are the basic structures of bacteria? | Cell wall (only some bacteria), Cell membrane, cytoplasm (a clear jelly substance), and the DNA (hereditary material)
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| Bacteria is ________. | Bacteria is microscopic.
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| Bacteria are the simplest _____________ on Earth. | Bacteria are the simplest organisims on earth.
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| T/F- Bacteria are eukaryotes. | False- Bacteria do not have a nucleus. Therefore, they are prokaryotes.
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| What forms around bacteria in unfavorable conditions? | An endospore is a protective structure that protects the bacteria in unfavorable conditions until favorable conditions appear.
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| Bacteria appeared about ________ years ago. How do we know this? How is this possible? | Bacteria appeared about 3.5 billion years ago. We know this because Amber was found with bacteria in it aged about 3.5 billion years. The bacteria formed an endospore.
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| What conditions are favorable for bacteria? | Most bacteria like warm tempeatures. Many do not do well in cold, dry conditions.
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| What is Archeabacteria? | Archeabacteria are heat & salt lovers, and make methane. In simpler terms, Archaebacteria is best known to survive harsh conditions. Archaebacteria is not known to be parasitic.
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| What is Eubacteria? | Some Eubacteria are decomoposers,producers, or are parasitic.
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| How do we use bacteria in a beneficial way? | Bacteria can be used for digestion for plant cell walls, decompositon, nitrogen fixing for plants, oxygen production, food products, metal extraction, medicine (antibiotics and insulin), and Bioremidiation (changing harmful chemicals into harmless chemi.)
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| List some bacterial dieseases. | Strep throat, tetanus, syphilis & gororhea (stds), cholera, anthrax, botulisim (food poisoning), lyme disease, salmonella, and tuberculosis
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| How do we prevent and treat bacterial dieseases? | We prevent bacterial dieseases by using good hygiene and avoiding them. We treat them using antibiotics.
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