Sentence types, clauses, puntuation
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| Independent Clause | A series of words that include a SUBJECT and VERB and can stand alone as a complete thought.
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| Dependent Clause | A series of words that include a SUBJECT and VERB but cannot stand alone as a complete thought. Begins with a marker word like "who" "that" "which" or a subordinating conjunction.
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| Gerund | A word that looks like an "ing" verb, but it is used as a noun or the subject of a sentence.
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| Infinitive | Any verb with the word "to" in front of it. It will NEVER be the main verb of a sentence.
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| Simple Sentence | A sentence with only one independent clause. It CAN have a compound subject and/or a compound verb.
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| Compound Sentence | Two independent clauses combined with either a comma and conjunction or a semicolon.
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| Complex Sentence | A sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause.
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| Compound-Complex Sentence | A sentence with more than one independent clause and at least one dependent clause.
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| I,c I or I;I | Compound Sentence
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| ID or D,I | Complex Sentence
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| SV, SSV, SVV, SSVV | Simple Sentence
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| D,I,cI D,I;I ID,cI ID;I I,cId I;Id | compound complex sentence
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| Is this sentence punctuated correctly? When we were watching the movie, John spilled all of his popcorn. | Yes, it's a D,I
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| Is this sentence punctuated correctly? I appreciate students who know how to behave. | Yes, it's an ID-who know how to behave is a dependent clause.
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| Is this sentence punctuated correctly? I hope you study for this test, because your grade depends on a good score. | No. "because your grade depends on a good score" is a dependent clause. There is no such thing as an I,D. There should be no comma.
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| Is this sentence punctuated correctly? Students who practice will improve their writing; their grades will improve too. | Yes. This is a compound sentence-I;I and the two independent clauses are closely related.
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| Is this sentence punctuated correctly? I love eating Thanksgiving dinner, and visiting with family. | No. "and visiting with family" is a verb phrase and not an independent clause. There should be no comma.
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| What type of sentence is this? I love to eat pumpkin pie during the holiday season. | Simple
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| What type of sentence is this? My mother is a good cook; my sister is a good cook; my grandmother is a good cook, but my wife is NOT a good cook. | Compound
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| What type of sentence is this? I like to build a snowman after the first snow of each season. | Simple
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| What type of sentence is this? After we come back from break, we will move into the next section of our book; class will be more challenging than it was before. | Compound Complex
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| What type of sentence is this? I told my best friend my deepest secret, but she went and blabbed to anyone who would listen; I'll never tell her anything again! | Compound Complex-who would listen is a dependent clause
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| What type of sentence is this? I asked the neighbor kid to rake my leaves, but he told me that he was busy for three weeks. | Compound Complex-that he was busy is a dependent clause
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| What type of sentence is this? I wanted to buy a car, which was within my price range, after I checked with my wife, but she told me not to buy it. | Compound Complex
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| What type of sentence is this? The person who thought of that must have been pretty smart. | complex-who thought of that is a dependent clause.
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| What type of sentence is this? I am trying to watch this show; please be quiet! | compound
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| What type of sentence is this? I wish that I could hear this show! | Complex
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Popular English Verbs sets