Astronomy Demo
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| How is brightness of a star measured? | Luminosity, apparent magnitude + absolute magnitude
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| Luminosity | Total amount of energy produced by a star per second
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| Luminosity of Sun | 1
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| Luminosity of Sirius | 22
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| Why does Sun appear brighter than Sirius? | bc Sun is much closer to Earth than Sirius
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| Apparent magnitude | Brightness of star as seen by observer from Earth
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| Who developed Apparent Brightness Scale? | Hipparchus (190 BCE- 120 BCE)
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| Lower magnitude | More apparent brightness
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| Sun's apparent magnitude value | -27
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| Dimmest star seen unaided's apparent magnitude | 6
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| Absolute magnitude | Apparent magnitude of star viewed from 33 ly away
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| Is Sun closer or further than 33 ly from Earth? | Closer
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| Would Sun appear brighter or dimmer if it was 33 ly away? | Dimmer
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| Would apparent magnitude increase or decrease if Sun was 33 ly away? | Increase
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| Higher magnitude value | Less apparent brightness
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| Sun's absolute magnitude | 4.8
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| Polaris' absolute magnitude | -3.63
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| If Sun and Polaris were side by side, which would appear brighter? | Polaris bc its magnitude value is lower
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| Colour of star indicates? | Temperature of star's surface
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| Colours of star in increasing order of temperature | Red, orange, yellow, white, blue
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| What colour is the Sun? | Yellow
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| How is star composition determined? | Materials release light when "excited", different materials release different colours, spectrographs determine which colours are present, each element causes different colours to appear on spectrum
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| Mass of Sun in kg? | 2 x 10 to the power of 30 kg
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| Smallest star mass? | 0.1 solar masses
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| Mass of Sun in solar masses? | 1 solar mass
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| Largest star mass? | 120 solar masses
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| Constellation | Large region of stars that form pattern officially recognized by International Astronomical Union when seen from Earth
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| How many constellations are there? | 88
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| Brightest constellation? | Southern Cross (Crux)
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| Largest constellation? | Hydra
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| Asterism | Smaller unofficial star patterns within a constellation
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| How can you find Polaris? | Extend line through two end stars of Big Dipper cup to first star in handle of Little Dipper
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| Ecliptic | Apparent path followed by Sun (as seen from Earth)
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| Zodiac constellation | Constellation containing ecliptic
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| Star finder | Tool for determining which constellations are visible in night sky for particular date and time or how stars are oriented
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| Why are some stars always visible during the night? | Bc they are close to the poles
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| Star or constellation always visible in night sky? | Circumpolar
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| How many celestial objects can you see in daytime? | Sun, sometimes Moon and others
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| How many celestial objects can you see in nighttime? | As many as 2000
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| Luminous | Celestial object that generate own light (stars)
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| Non-luminous | Do not generate own light (sometimes reflective) (moons, planets)
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| Direction of Sun's apparent motion throughout day? | East to west
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| Cause of Sun's apparent motion? | Counterclockwise rotation of Earth (Earth spins East)
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| Direction of Sun's apparent motion throughout year? | West to east
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| Retrograde motion | When planets appear to slow to a stop, reverse direction and loop across sky
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| Cause of retrograde motion? | Planets moving slower than Earth appear as if they are travelling backward when Earth is faster
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| Why do planets further from Sun move slower than closer planets? | Force of Sun's gravity is weaker farther away, and bc further planets have longer orbits
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| Whose retrograde motion can we see from Earth? | Mars, Jupiter and Saturn
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| When does planet look biggest and brightest from Earth? | When orbits cross
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| 1 Mars year | 2 Earth years
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| How often do Earth and Mars' orbits cross? | Every two years
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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