respiratory system
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| What is the respiratory system? | allows oxygen from the air to be taken into the blood stream and provides energy the body needs to function
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| The upper respiratory tract consists of...(3) | Nasal cavities, pharynx, larynx
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| In the naval cavities you have...(3) | nostrils, conchae, sinuses
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| In the pharynx you have...(3) | nasopharynx, oropharynx, larynopharynx
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| In the larynx you have...(2) | epiglottis and glottis
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| The lower respiratory tract consists of...(2) | trachea and lungs
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| Trachea AKA.... | windpipe
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| The nostrils are... | two openings that allow air to enter and air is warmed
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| Conchae is ... | curved shaped projections to filter dust, warm and humidify air
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| Sinuses are... | small cavities in bones of skull lined with mucus membranes
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| Pharynx AKA | throat
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| The nasopharynx is... | lies behind nasal cavity, allows air ONLY
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| The oropharnyx is... | used for food and air, middle part of pharynx
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| The larynopharynx is... | used for food and air, bottom portion of pharynx
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| Larynx AKA | voicebox
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| The glottis is... | an opening between the two vocal chords at the base of the larynx
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| The epiglottis is... | cartiligenous structure above glottis, folds down over glottis when swallowing to prevent food and water to enter trachea, flap
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| Epiglottis AKA | guardian of airway
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| Mediastinum is... | space between lungs where trachea, heart and major blood vessels and esophagus are found
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| Bronchi is... | tubes that extend from trachea to lungs, right is wider and shorter because left has lesser capacity
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| Bronchioles are... | smaller subdivisions of the bronchi, direct routes to air sacs
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| Terminal bronchioles are... | last segment of bronchioles, connect to the alveoli
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| Surfactant is... | lipid secreted in alveoli that prevents collapsing of air sacs
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| Pleural membranes are... | serous membranes associated with lungs produces lubricant to reduce friction between the lungs
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| Pleural membranes (2) | parietal and visceral
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| parietal pleura is... | surrounds internal walls of thoracic cavity
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| Visceral pleura is... | surrounds outer surface of lungs, deepest layer, touches lungs
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| Muscles of inhalation are... (4) | diaphram, external intercostals, scalene muscle and sternocleidomastoid
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| Muscles of exhalation are..(4) | internal intercostals, external obliques, internal obliques, transverse abdominis
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| The diaphram on inhalation is... | flat and contracted
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