Chp 4 Review
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| Name the 4 basic categories of tissues | epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
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| What are the general characteristics of epithelial tissue? | cover surfaces, lines cavities and forms glands
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| What is the main function of the epithelial tissue? | protection, absorption, filtration, excretion, secretion, sensory reception
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| apical surface | outer surface that comes in contact with fluid or the cavity of an internal organ
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| basal surface | comes in contact with the basement layer
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| basement membrane | bottom of epithelial tissue - basal lamina and the top of connective tissue - reticular lamina
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| What 2 layers make up the basement membrane? | reticular lamina and basal lamina
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| Do epithelial cells have few or a lot of nerve fibers? | a lot
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| What are the 3 shapes epithelial tissues come in? | squamous, cuboidal, columnar
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| Which type of epithelial tissue is "leaky" because it allows diffusion? | simple squamous
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| What organs are simple squamous epithelial tissue found in? | kidneys, lungs, lining of blood vessels (organs that require lots of diffusion)
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| Endothelium | simple squamous epithelial tissue that lines blood vessels
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| Mesothelium | simple squamous epithelial tissue that lines body cavities
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| What type of epithelial tissue contains microvilli and goblet cells? | simple columnar
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| What is the function of cuboidal epithelial cells? | absorption and secretion
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| What is the function of simple columnar epithelial cells? | absorption and secretion
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| Where are simple columnar epithelial cells that are ciliated found? | respiratory tract, uterine tubes
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| How many layers does the stratified epithelial tissue have? | two or more layers
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| Where is keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue found? | outer layer of the skin or epidermis
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| Where is nonkeratinized stratified epithelia tissue found? | layers of skin that open to the outside...mouth, vagina, tongue, esophagus
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| What is the function of stratified squamous epithelial tissue? | protection, but some absorption is needed
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| What do implele columnar epithelial tissue that isn't ciliated contain? | microvili and goblet cells
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| What is the function of stratified cuboidal epithelial tissue? | protection; limited secretion and absorption
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| What is the fuction of stratified columnar epithelial tissue? | secretion and protection
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| Where is transitional epithelium tissue found? | is organs that are able to expand such as bladder
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| Why is transition epithelium tissue called transitional? | because cells may look columar, cuboidal or squamous based on how much it has stretched
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| Describe the pseudostratified columnar epithelial tissue. | all cells are attached to basement membrane, but all don't reach apical suface
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| What is the function of the pseudostratified columnar epithelial tissue? | secretion and movement
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| What are the two categories of epithelial tissue? | membranous and glandular
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| Are sweat glands exocrine or endocrine? | exocrine because it secretes into a duct
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| Explain how aprocrine glands produce secretion | the cell pinches in half to make secretion - some destruction, but cell doesn't die
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| Where is connective tissue found in the body? | everywhere in the body
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| Are the cells of connective tissue in direct contact or in a matrix? | in a matrix
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| Does connective tissue have a rich blood supply or a poor blood supply? | rich blood supply
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| Does connective tissue have a rich nerve supply or a poor nerve supply? | rich nerve supply
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| What is the function of the connective tissue? | bind, support and protect internal organs; separate skeletal muscles; transport substances (blood), store energy
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| blasts | immature cells
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| cytes | mature cells
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| fibroblasts | secrete fibers and ground substances
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| What is the matrix of connective tissue made of? | fibers and ground substance
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| What are three fibers found in connective tissue? | collagen, elastic, reticular
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| What is collagen? | fiber that is tough and flexible
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| What is elastic? | fiber that is stretchable
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| What is reticular? | fiber that supports soft organs
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| What is ground substance? | part of the connective tissue matrix that is fluid-like and contains large molecules and proteins
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| What are three types of loose connective tissue? | areolar, adipose, reticular
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| What are the two main types of connective tissue proper? | loose connective tissue and dense connective tissue
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| What are the three types of cartilage? | hyaline, fibro and elastic
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| What type of loose connective tissue has fibroblasts, macrophages, plasma cells, mast cells, adipocytes and WBC | areolar connective tissue
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| What type of fibers are found in areolar connective tissue? | collagen, elastic, reticular
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| Where is areolar and adipose connective tissue found? | under skin, around blood vessels and organs, between muscles
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| What does adipose connective tissue do? | store energy in adipocytes, cushion
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| What does the reitcular loose connective tissue do? | form a bed of support for liver and lymphatic organs; acts like a filter so lymph nodes can destoy the bad stuff
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| What is dense regular connective tissue made of? | collagen fibers in a regular, parallel pattern
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| Describe strength of dense regular connective tissue. | strength is along the axis
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| What is dense irregular connective tissue made of? | collagen fibers in irrgular pattern with few cells
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| Describe strength of dense irregular connective tissue. | strength in multiple directions
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| What are the three types of cartilage? | hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage, elastic cartilage
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| What does hyaline cartilage contain? | collagen fibers that can't be seen in the clear matrix
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| Where is hylaine cartilage found? | airways, support bone movement, trachea
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| What is in fibrocartilage? | collagen fiber bundles only
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| What is fibrocartilage good for? | strength and shock absorber in vertebrate discs and knee cartilage
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| What is in elastic cartilage? | network of elastic fibers
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| What is elastic cartilage good for? | strength and elasticity
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| Where is elastic cartilage found? | external ear, epiglottis
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| what are two types of nervous tissue | nerons and neuroglia
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