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Chp 4 Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name the 4 basic categories of tissues | epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous |
| What are the general characteristics of epithelial tissue? | cover surfaces, lines cavities and forms glands |
| What is the main function of the epithelial tissue? | protection, absorption, filtration, excretion, secretion, sensory reception |
| apical surface | outer surface that comes in contact with fluid or the cavity of an internal organ |
| basal surface | comes in contact with the basement layer |
| basement membrane | bottom of epithelial tissue - basal lamina and the top of connective tissue - reticular lamina |
| What 2 layers make up the basement membrane? | reticular lamina and basal lamina |
| Do epithelial cells have few or a lot of nerve fibers? | a lot |
| What are the 3 shapes epithelial tissues come in? | squamous, cuboidal, columnar |
| Which type of epithelial tissue is "leaky" because it allows diffusion? | simple squamous |
| What organs are simple squamous epithelial tissue found in? | kidneys, lungs, lining of blood vessels (organs that require lots of diffusion) |
| Endothelium | simple squamous epithelial tissue that lines blood vessels |
| Mesothelium | simple squamous epithelial tissue that lines body cavities |
| What type of epithelial tissue contains microvilli and goblet cells? | simple columnar |
| What is the function of cuboidal epithelial cells? | absorption and secretion |
| What is the function of simple columnar epithelial cells? | absorption and secretion |
| Where are simple columnar epithelial cells that are ciliated found? | respiratory tract, uterine tubes |
| How many layers does the stratified epithelial tissue have? | two or more layers |
| Where is keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue found? | outer layer of the skin or epidermis |
| Where is nonkeratinized stratified epithelia tissue found? | layers of skin that open to the outside...mouth, vagina, tongue, esophagus |
| What is the function of stratified squamous epithelial tissue? | protection, but some absorption is needed |
| What do implele columnar epithelial tissue that isn't ciliated contain? | microvili and goblet cells |
| What is the function of stratified cuboidal epithelial tissue? | protection; limited secretion and absorption |
| What is the fuction of stratified columnar epithelial tissue? | secretion and protection |
| Where is transitional epithelium tissue found? | is organs that are able to expand such as bladder |
| Why is transition epithelium tissue called transitional? | because cells may look columar, cuboidal or squamous based on how much it has stretched |
| Describe the pseudostratified columnar epithelial tissue. | all cells are attached to basement membrane, but all don't reach apical suface |
| What is the function of the pseudostratified columnar epithelial tissue? | secretion and movement |
| What are the two categories of epithelial tissue? | membranous and glandular |
| Are sweat glands exocrine or endocrine? | exocrine because it secretes into a duct |
| Explain how aprocrine glands produce secretion | the cell pinches in half to make secretion - some destruction, but cell doesn't die |
| Where is connective tissue found in the body? | everywhere in the body |
| Are the cells of connective tissue in direct contact or in a matrix? | in a matrix |
| Does connective tissue have a rich blood supply or a poor blood supply? | rich blood supply |
| Does connective tissue have a rich nerve supply or a poor nerve supply? | rich nerve supply |
| What is the function of the connective tissue? | bind, support and protect internal organs; separate skeletal muscles; transport substances (blood), store energy |
| blasts | immature cells |
| cytes | mature cells |
| fibroblasts | secrete fibers and ground substances |
| What is the matrix of connective tissue made of? | fibers and ground substance |
| What are three fibers found in connective tissue? | collagen, elastic, reticular |
| What is collagen? | fiber that is tough and flexible |
| What is elastic? | fiber that is stretchable |
| What is reticular? | fiber that supports soft organs |
| What is ground substance? | part of the connective tissue matrix that is fluid-like and contains large molecules and proteins |
| What are three types of loose connective tissue? | areolar, adipose, reticular |
| What are the two main types of connective tissue proper? | loose connective tissue and dense connective tissue |
| What are the three types of cartilage? | hyaline, fibro and elastic |
| What type of loose connective tissue has fibroblasts, macrophages, plasma cells, mast cells, adipocytes and WBC | areolar connective tissue |
| What type of fibers are found in areolar connective tissue? | collagen, elastic, reticular |
| Where is areolar and adipose connective tissue found? | under skin, around blood vessels and organs, between muscles |
| What does adipose connective tissue do? | store energy in adipocytes, cushion |
| What does the reitcular loose connective tissue do? | form a bed of support for liver and lymphatic organs; acts like a filter so lymph nodes can destoy the bad stuff |
| What is dense regular connective tissue made of? | collagen fibers in a regular, parallel pattern |
| Describe strength of dense regular connective tissue. | strength is along the axis |
| What is dense irregular connective tissue made of? | collagen fibers in irrgular pattern with few cells |
| Describe strength of dense irregular connective tissue. | strength in multiple directions |
| What are the three types of cartilage? | hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage, elastic cartilage |
| What does hyaline cartilage contain? | collagen fibers that can't be seen in the clear matrix |
| Where is hylaine cartilage found? | airways, support bone movement, trachea |
| What is in fibrocartilage? | collagen fiber bundles only |
| What is fibrocartilage good for? | strength and shock absorber in vertebrate discs and knee cartilage |
| What is in elastic cartilage? | network of elastic fibers |
| What is elastic cartilage good for? | strength and elasticity |
| Where is elastic cartilage found? | external ear, epiglottis |
| what are two types of nervous tissue | nerons and neuroglia |
Created by:
edeboo