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Investigating the Past

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Term
Definition
Source   Anything that provides evidence about our past.  
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Primary Source   Things that survive from the time being studied (providing us with first-hand/primary info) i.e. old diaries/photographs/pottery.  
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Secondary Source   Don't come from the time being studied (providing us with second-hand/secondary info) i.e. history textbook.  
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Manuscripts   Hand-written documents .i.e. diaries/letters/notebooks.  
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Pictorial Sources   Photographs,paintings and documentary films (films about actual people and events).  
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Printed Sources   Books,newspapers,magazines,maps and government documents i.e. censuses (official population counts).  
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Oral Sources   Eye-witness accounts,interview,tape recordings and radio documentary programmes.  
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Artefacts   Anything that has been made/used by people. ex. books/pottery/tools.  
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Where many historical sources are found:   Museums/archives/libraries/art galleries.  
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Prejudice   Making unfair judgments.  
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Prehistory   The time before writing was invented.  
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Biased   Unfair judgments.  
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BC   Before Christ.  
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AD   After Death.  
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Stratigraphy   Artefacts found deeper beneath the surface are older than artefacts found above them in shallower ground.  
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Carbon Dating   When a plant/animal dies, carbon begins to leak out slowly from its body. By measuring how much carbon is left in the dead plant/animal, scientists can work out approximately when the plant/animal died.  
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Pollen Analysis   Used to find out what plants grew long ago in an area. Pollen grains can sometimes survive for thousands of years and can be studied under a microscope.  
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Well-Known Archaeological Sites in Ireland:   Wood Quay(Dublin) - Viking Settlement The CĂ©ide Fields(Mayo) - Stone Age farming site Lough Gur(Limerick) - Stone Age Settlement  
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