anatomy
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amygdala | circuit hub
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thalamus | sub cortical route to the amygdala
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pulvinar | thalamic nuclei related to vision
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dorsal visual stream | "where" stream
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ventral visual stream | "what" stream
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paraventricular nucleus | innervated by the CeA and leads to downstream endocrine changes
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Nucleus Reticularis Pontis Caudalis | related to fear potentiated startle response
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Periaquiductal gray | associated with the freezing response
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Parabrachial Nucleus | activation: increased respiration and nociceptive input to CeA
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Dorsal Motor Nucleus of the Vagus | activation changes resting heart rate
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vagal tone | resting heart rate
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ventral tegmental area | brainstem region of dopamine production
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dorsal raphe | brainstem nuclei for serotonin production
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locus ceruleus | brainstem nuclei for norepinephrine production
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nucleus basalis of meynart (NBM) | cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain
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bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) | drives the "anxiety" response
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insula | cortical region, interoception
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hippocampal formation | made up of the entorhinal ctx, perirhinal ctx, parahippocampal ctx, hippocampus
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medial pre frontal cortex | region of higher order behavioral regulation
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dmPFC | inhibts the amygdla via top down processing
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vmPFC | conscious appraisal of the situation, information integration
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dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dAcc) | conflict monitoring
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vlPFC | situation reappraisal
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dlPFC | planning and execution
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PVN, brainstem, NBM | regions of direct amygdala output
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insula, HP formation, PFC | regions of indirect amygdala output
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hypothalamic, pituitary, adrenal axis. A stress response that culminates in the release of cortisol | HPA axis
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