ch. 22 psychiatry vocabulary
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| amnesia | loss of memory
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| anxiety | varying of uneasiness, apprehension, palpitations, tightness in chest, breathless, choking sensation
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| apathy | absence of emotions; lack of interst or emotional involvement
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| autism | severe lack of responsiveness to others, preoccupation with inner thoughts
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| compulsion | uncontrollable urge to perform an act repeatedly
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| conversion | anxiety becomes a bodily symptom,such as blindness,deafness,or paralysis, that does not have an organic basis
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| delusion | a fixed false belief that cannot be changed by logical reasoning or evidence
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| dissociation | uncomfortable feelings are separated from their real object
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| dysphoria | sadness,hopelessness;depressive mood
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| euphoria | exaggerated feeling of well-being
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| hallucination | false or unreal sensory perception
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| labile | unstable;undergoing rapid emotional change
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| mania | state of excessive excitability; hyperactivity and agitation
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| mutism | nonreactive state; stupor
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| obsession | an involuntary;persistent idea or emotion
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| paranoia | delusions or persecution or grandeur or combinations of the two
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| antisocial | no loyalty to or concern for others, and without moral standards; acts only in response to desires or impulses,cannot tolerate frustration and blames others when she or he is at fault
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| borderline | instability in interpersonal relationship and sense of self;characterized by alternating involvement with and rejection or people
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| histrionic | emotional,attention-seeking,immature and dependent;irrational outburst and tantrums;flamboyant and theatrica;having general dissatisfaction w/ones seld & angry feelings about the worls
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| narcissistic | grandiose sense of self importance or uniqueness and preoccupation with fantasies of success and power
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| paranoid | continually suspicious and mistrustful of other people but not to a psychotic or delusional degree;jealou and overly concerned w/hidden motives or others;quick to take offense
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| schizoid | emotionally cold & aloof; indifferent to praise or critism or to the feelings of ohers;few friendship and rarely appearsto experience strong emotions,such as anger or joy
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| exibitionism | compulsive need to expose one's body,particularly the genitals,to an unsuspecting stranger
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| fetishism | the use of nonliving objects(articles of clothing) as substitutes for a human sexual love object
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| pedophilia | sexual urges and fantasies involving sexual activity w/prepubescent child
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| sexual masochism | sexual gratification is gained by being humiliated,beaten,bound,or othewrwise mafe to suffer by another person
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| sexual sadism | sexual gratification is gained by inflicting physical or psychological pain or humiliation on others
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| transvestic fetishism | cross-dressing;
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| voyeurism | sexual excitement is achieved by observing unsuspecting people who are naked undressing or engaging in sexual activity
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| affect | the external expression of emotion,or emotional response
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| anorexia nervosa | an eating disorder of excessive dieting and refusal to maintain a normal body weight
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| anxiety disorders | chracterized by unpleasant tension,distress,and avoidance behaviour,ie/phobias,ocd,post-traumatic stress disorder
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| bipolar disorder | alternating periods of mania and depression
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| bulimia nervosa | eating disorder of binge eating followed by vomiting,purging,and depression
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| conversion disorder | physical symptom w/no organic basis,appearing as a result of anxiety and conflict
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| defense mechanism | unconscious technique a person uses to resolve or conceal conflicts and anxiety
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| delirium | confusion in thinking:faulty perceptions and irrational behaviour
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| dementia | loss of intellectual abilities w/impairement of memory,judgment,and reasoning as well as changes in personality
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| depression | major mood disoirder w/chronic sadness,loss of energy,hopelessness,worry,and discouragment,commony suicial impulses and thoughts
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| dissociative disorder | chronic or sudden distrurbance of memory,identity,or consciousness dissociative identity disorder amnesia & fugue
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| ego | control coordinating branch of the personality
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| fugue | amnesia w/flight from customary surroundings
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| gender identity disorder | stong and persistent cross-gender indentification w/ the opposite sex
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| id | major unconscious part of the personality;energy from instinctual drives and desires
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| intelligence (IQ ) test | a standardized test designed to determine mental age of an individial by measuring capacity to absrob information and solve problems
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| mood disorders | prolonged emotion dominates a persons life; examples are biploar and depressive disorders
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| Obsessive compulsive disorder | anxiety disorder in which recurrent thoughts and repetitive acts dominate behaviour
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| paraphilia | recurrent intese sexual urge,fantasy or behaviour that involves unusual objects,activities,or situations
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| personality disorders | lifelong personality patterns marked by inflexibility and impairement of social functioninh
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| phobia | irrational or disabling fear of an object or situation
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| post-traumatic stress disorder | anxiety-related symptoms appear following exposure to personal experience of traumatic event
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| projective (personality) test | diagnostic,personality test that uses unstructered stimuli to evoke responses that reflect aspects of an individuals personality
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| psychiatrist | physician w/medical training in the diagnosis,prevention and treatment of mental disorders
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| psychologist | individuak specializing in mental processes and how the brain functions in health and disease
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| psychosis | impairement of mental capacity to recognize reality,communicate,and relate to others
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| reality testing | ability to perceive fact from fantasy; severly impaired in psychoses
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| repression | defense mechanism by which unacceptable thoughts,feelings,and impulses are automatically pushed into the unconscious
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| schizophrenia | withdrawal from reality into an inner world of disorganized thinking and conflict
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| sexual disorders | disorders or paraphilias and sexual dysfunctions
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| somatoform disorders | having physical symptoms that cannot be explained by any actual physical disorder or other well-described mental disorder such as depression
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| substance related disorders | regular overuse of psychoactive substances that affect the central nervous system
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| superego | internalized conscience and moral part of the personality
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| amphetamines | central nervous system stimulants that may be used to treat depression and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
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| benzodiazepines | drugs that lessen anxiety, tension, agitation and panic attacks
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| cognitive beaviour therapy | conditioning is used to relieve anxiety and improve symptoms of illness
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| electroconvulsive thereapy | electric current is used to produce convulsions in the treatment of depression
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| family therapy | treatment of an entire family to resolve and understand conflicts
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| free association | psychoanalytic technique in which the patient verbalizes, without censorship, the passing contents of his or her mind
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| group therapy | group of patients with similar problesm gain insight into their personlities through discussion and interaction with eachother
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| hypnosis | trance is used to increase the pace of psychotherapy
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| insight-oriented therapy | face to face discussion of life problems and associated feelings
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| lithium | medication used to treat the manic stage of manic-depression illness
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| neuroleptic drug | any drug that favourably modifies psychotic symptoms
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| phenothiazines | tranquilizers used to treat psychoses
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| play therapy | treatment in which a child through use of toys in a playroom setting expresses conflict and feelings unable to be communicated in a direct manner
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| psychoanalysis | treatment that allows the patient to explore inner emotions and conflicts so as to understand and change current behaviour
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| psychodrama | Group therapy in which a patient expresses feelings by acting out roles with other patients
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| psychopharmacology | Treatment of psychiatric disorders with drugs
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| sedatives | drugs that lessen anxiety
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| supportive pschotherapy | offering encouragement, support, and hope to patients facing difficult life transitions and events
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| transference | psychoanalytic process in which the patient relates to the therapist as he or she did to a prominent childhood figure
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| tricyclic antidepressants | drugs used to treat severe depression; thee-ringed fused structure
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