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Flash cards for Clinical Methodologies

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Question
Answer
State the reasons for a Quality Assessment Program   to ensure accuracy and validity of laboratory tests  
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Describe the preanalytic, analytic, and post analytic phases of quality assurance and give examples of each phase.   Pre-analytical – activities that occur before the sample reaches the lab –Specimen collection issues, transport, preservatives used Analytical – activities that occur in the lab and pertain to the analysis of the sample –Test processing, QC data useful  
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Name the Accrediting organizations involved in quality assessment.   Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) •College of American Pathologists  
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List the errors quality control aims to prevent.   random error: instrument, sample, human systematic: accuracy of method, instrument, reagent decompostion  
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Define the following terms: quality assurance, quality control, accuracy, precision, calibration, control, standards, reference ranges, outliers, systematic error, random error, sensitivity and specificity   Quality assurance: attempts to control analytical errors Quality control: refers to accuracy of method  
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Discuss statistical measures used in precision and accuracy.    
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Relate standard Deviations with corresponding percentage values in Gaussian curve and the use of these statistical equations in QC    
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Calculate the following: mean, mode, median, coefficient of variation    
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Recognize equation for standard deviation    
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Analyze data to determine analytical error prevention    
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Assess systematic and random errors and give examples of each.    
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Discuss the use of controls in laboratory procedures    
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Detect a result that is out of control    
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Be able to interpret mean, standard deviations, and violations on Levy-Jennings chart    
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Determine if there is a shift or trend given laboratory data    
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Evaluate laboratory data using multi-rules    
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Discuss basic concepts of Lean Sigma Six process improvement    
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