Terms
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| Allegory | A visual symbol representing an abstract idea Ex.-- "Waves crashed through the harbor like a bully pushing through a crowd"
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| Encomium | A work of literature that praises an abstract quality or generalized character type
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| Metaphor | When two unrelated subjects are compared Ex.-- "My love is a rose"
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| Epithalamion | A song or poem to honor a marriage ceremony
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| Devices of Disclosure | How the author influences you to approve/disapprove of the characters, etc., and decide what the morals or values of the story are
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| Type Scene | A situation that recurs throughout a work of literature that produces a set of expectations in the reader when they encounter that situation in a literary text
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| Epithet | A term used as a descriptive substitute for the name or title of a person. Ex. -- "The Great Emancipator" for Abe Lincoln
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| Anti-hero | person characterized by a lack of "traditional" heroic qualities
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| Allusion | A reference to past history or literature
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| Antagonist | the force(s) or character(s) which which the protagonist of a story is in conflict. The character in opposition to the protagonist
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| Archetype | An original model after which other similar things are patterned. Ex:-- Dracula influenced subsequent horror stories
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| Selectivity | Everything included in a story is included for a specific reason
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| Poetics | Literary criticism that deals with the nature, forms and laws of poetry
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| Exposition | The opening phase of a story in which the writer presents the background info. that the reader needs to understand the plot
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| Point of View | the perspective from which a story is told
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| Pastoral | an image of the good life
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| Type Scene | repeated events or situations
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| Rhetorical Question | a figure of speech in which a question is asked whose answer is so obvious that it is left unanswered. The question is asked for the sake of effect
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| Quest Stories | stories built around progress towards a goal
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| Blazon | a love poem that praises a person by means of catalogue or listing
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| Parable | a simple story illustrating a moral or religious lesson
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| Parallelism | two or more lines that form a pattern. The deliberate repetition of words or sentences for effect
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| climactic parallelism | a form of parallelism in which the first line is left incomplete until the second line repeats part of it and then makes it a whole statement. Ex. -- "our fathers trusted in thee: they trusted, and thou didst deliver them."
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| Denouement | the last phase of a story following the climax. Literally the "tying up of loose ends."
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| Didactic | having the intention or impulse to teach. Morally instructive
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| Synthetic Parallelism | A type of parallelism in which the second line completes the thought of the first line, buth without repeating anything from the first line
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| Dramatic monologue | Where a single speaker addresses an implied but silent listener and reveals their inner conflict or thoughts
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| Simile | A figure of speech that compares 2 things, using "like" or "as"
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| Parody | A composition that imitate somebody's style in a humorous way Ex.-- Antonia and Theresa's music camp piece
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| Occasional Literature | A work of literature that takes its origins from a particular historical event or particular situation in the author's life
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| Poetic License | The liberty taken by an artist or writer to achieve a desired effect
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| Intertext / Intertextual Reading | A situation in which the full meaning of a text depends on its interaction with anther text. Ex. -- Ulysses is a "retelling" of the Odyssey or the practice of sampling music from the song "Under Pressure"
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| Paradox | a seemingly contradictory statement that may nonetheless be true. Ex - "The silence of midnight rang in my ears"
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| Personification | a figure of speech where human attributes are given to something non-human, like animals or objects Ex. - "My computer hates me."
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| Foil | Something within a story that is in direct contrast to the main element in the story. Ex - Banquo is a foil to MacBeth, Tybalt for Romeo, Lennie to George (Mice and Men)
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| Pun | A play on words, often using a word that sounds like another word but has a different meaning. Ex. - "I needed a raise in allowance. Mowing the grass just wasn't cutting it." or "I do it for the pun of it."
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| Monomyth | basic patterns of many myths = the call to adventure, road of trials, achieving the goal, return to ordinary world, applying the knowledge gained
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| Ode | A lyrical poem, usually of a serious nature, having an elevated style and structure
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| Epic | A long narrative poem telling of a hero's deeds. Ex. - Gilgamesh
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| Denotation | straightforward dictionary meaning of a word
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| Elements of Artistry | Includes: Pattern (design), unity, theme (central focus), balance, contrast, unified progression, variety in unity (variation), symmetry, repetition, rhythm
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| Connotation | The idea or meaning suggested by a word or thing. Ex. - "The man drank whiskey quietly." = "Quietly" means he didn't make any noise, but also connotes alone, secretly, sadly, etc. ---- How does the sentence make you feel
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| Stairstep parallelism | A type of parallelism in which the last kay word of a line becomes the first main word in the next line
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| Apocalyptic Literature | reveals the future history of the world and is written in an ominous, threatening way
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| Genre | A literary type or kind
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| Epiphany | An illuminating discovery, realization or disclosure. An Aha! moment.
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| Apostrophe | address to an absent or imaginary person. Ex. - request for inspiration from muses.
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| Emblem | A symbolic image representing a person or thing
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| Authorial Assertion | when the author enters the story and comments on characters and events in their own voice.
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| Tragedy | A narrative form built around an exceptional calamity stemming from the protagonist's wrong choice.
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| Hyperbole | A figure of speech that is overstated or exaggerated to make seem more important than they are if looked at objectively. Ex. - Crime of the Century, Tons of Money
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| Comedy | Story with a U-shaped plot = action begins in prosperity, descends into potentially tragic events, and rises to a happy ending.
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| Dramatic Irony | When a reader knows more than the characters
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| Verbal Irony | When a writer or speaker states something but means the opposite. Ex. - "Terrible weather, huh?" on a beautiful day
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| Irony of situation | when a situation is the opposite of what is expected.
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| Normative spokesperson | When the character in a story interpets the meaning of a story (compare with Authorial Assertion)
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| Well-made plot | A plot that unfolds according to the following pattern: exposition (background info), inciting moment, rising action, turning point, further complication, climax, denouement
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| Symbol | Any detail in a story that in addition to its literal meaning stands for something else
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| Arrangement | The way in which a story ends is crucial in determining a reader's final impression
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| Explication | to explain (especially in literary work) in depth, with close analysis of particular points
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| Normative Character | A character in a story that expresses what the author wishes us to understand is correct
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| Satire | A form of humour where the writer makes the reader have a negative opinion of someone by laughing at them or making them seem ridiculous
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| Assonance | When a vowel sound within a word matches the same sound in a nearby word, but the surrounding consonants are different. Ex. - Tune and June rhyme, but Tune and Food are assonant
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| Alliteration | The repetition of the same consonant sound at the beginning of two or more words Ex. - Waves Want to be Wheels
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| Consonance | The repetition of similar consonant sounds, especially at the end of words. Ex. - Lost and Past or Confess and Dismiss
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