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FTCE K- 6 Science & Technology

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
        Help!  

Question
Answer
What are the 4 physical properties of matter?   mass, volume, density, and chemical change  
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Mass, volume, density, and chemical charge are the 4 physical properties of _________________.   Matter  
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Matter takes up ________ and has _________.   space (volume), mass  
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Matter not only involves molecules and atoms, but also subatomic particles such as ________ and _________.   protons and electrons  
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Matter not only involves ___________ and _________, but also subatomic particles such as protons and electrons.   molecules and atoms  
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The measure of the Earth's pull of gravity on an object is called ____________.   weight  
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The amount of cubic space that an object occupies is called ____________.   volume  
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How is density defined?   Density is the the ratio of total mass to total volume. D=M/V  
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Density defines how closely the _________ are packed together.   molecules  
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________ defines how closely the molecules are packed together.   Density  
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An object's buoyancy is directly related to its __________.   density  
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An object will ________ in liquid or gas if it is denser than the liquid or gas that surrounds it.   sink  
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An object will ______ in liquid or gas if the density is less than the density of the liquid or gas that surrounds it.   float  
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Matter is in constant __________.   change  
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Does a physical change produce a new substance?   No, it just changes in shape or size such as freezing or melting.  
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A chemical change or reaction produces one or more ____________.   substances  
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Melting, bending, and cracking are all examples of _______ changes.   physical  
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Burning, rusting, and digestion are examples of ________ changes.   chemical  
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True or false: A physical change reaction produces one or more substances?   False, a physical change does not produce a new substance. A chemical reaction does.  
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Which type of reaction produces one or more substances?   Chemical  
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Ture or False: A glass broken into pieces is an example of a physical change.   True  
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What are the 4 classifications of matter?   elements, compounds, mixtures, and solutions  
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Elements, compounds, mixtures, and solutions are the 4 classifications of _________________.   Matter  
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An element is a substance that consists of only one type of atom.    
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An element can not be broken down into other substances of that element.    
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An atom is the smallest particle of an element, which retains the properties of that element.    
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The atom is the basic building block of all matter.    
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When can an atom be spilt?   Under atomic reactions  
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When an atom is split it changes the number of protons and neutrons of an atom.    
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Atomic reactions may take place in the sun, nuclear power reactors, nuclear bombs, and radioactive decay.    
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Atoms are made of three components of subatomic particles, the _________, _________, and _________.   protons, neutrons, and electrons  
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___________ are made of three components of subatomic particles, the protons, neutrons, and electrons.   Atoms  
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The ______ and _______ are in the nucleus part of the atom.   protons and neutrons  
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____________ are in the outer apart of the atom.   electrons  
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A _______________ is the smallest particle of substance that may exist independently and still maintain all the properties of the substance.   molecule  
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A molecule is the smallest particle of substance that may exist independently and still maintain all the __________ of the substance.   properties  
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The molecules of most elements are made of _______ atom.   one  
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The molecules of oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and chlorine are made of ________ atoms each.   two  
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The three main states or phases of matter are __________,_____________, and _____________.   gas, liquid, and solid  
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Gas, liquid, and solid are the three main states of __________.   matter  
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_________ has no definite volume or shape.   gas  
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A mixture is any combination of two or more substances, not chemically combined and without and definite weight proportions.   mixture  
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What is a mixture?   A mixture is any combination of two or more substances, not chemically combined and without and definite weight proportions.  
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In a ___________ the substances keep their own chemical properties.   mixture  
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In a mixture the substances keep their own _________ properties.   chemical  
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Homogeneous mixtures are called _______________.   Solutions  
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_______________ is a substance that consists of only one type of atom.   element  
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An element is a substance that consists of only one type of _______.   atom  
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A ___________ is matter that combines atoms chemically in definite weight proportions.   Compound  
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____________ is a phase change that involves changing from a liquid to a solid.   Freezing  
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___________ happens when the temperature of a solid is raised enough and the result is a liquid.   Melting  
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The transition between water and steam of phase change due to the effect of temperature is ___________.   boiling  
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_________________ is a measure related to the average kinetic energy of the molecules of a substance   Temperature  
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_________________ is not energy, but it is a number that relates to the kinetic energy possessed by the molecules of a substance.   temperature  
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Temperature is a measure related to the average ___________ energy of the molecules of a substance   kinetic  
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Temperature is not energy, but it is a number that relates to the ______________ energy possessed by the molecules of a substance.   kinetic  
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Temperature is not energy, but it is a number that relates to the kinetic energy possessed by the ______________ of a substance.   molecules  
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In the Fahrenheit scale water freezes at ________ degrees and boils at _________ degrees.   32, 212  
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In the Celsius scale water freezes at ___________ degrees and boils at __________ degrees.   0,100  
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________ energy is made up of the kinetic and the potential energies of the molecules of the substance.   total  
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___________ is the measurement of the total energy in a substance.   Heat  
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Heat is the measurement of the total ____________ in a substance.   energy  
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The ___________ the molecules are moving, the hotter the temperature becomes.   faster  
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The faster the ______________ are moving, the hotter the temperature becomes.   molecules  
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Total energy is made up of the ___________ and the __________ energies of the molecules of the substance.   kinetic, potential  
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Total energy is made up of the kinetic and the potential energies of the _____________ of the substance.   molecules  
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____________________ is a measurement of the total energy in a substance.   Heat  
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______________ is a measure related to the average kinetic energy of the molecules of a substance   temperature  
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True or False: The concepts of heat and temperature define the same thing?   False.  
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____________ is the branch of mechanics that studies the relationship between motion and the forces affecting motion of bodies.   Dynamics  
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___________ is a pull or push upon an object that results from the objects interaction with another object.   force  
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What are the two main types of forces?   Contact force and at a distance force  
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What is contact force?   Requires physical contact  
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What is at a distance force?   Non-contact force such as gravitational, magnetic, and electrostatic forces.  
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What type of force: Non-contact force such as gravitational, magnetic, and electrostatic forces.   At a distance force  
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An object's _______ gives the object a reluctance to change its current state of motion and a measure of its resistance to acceleration.   mass  
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An object's weight on Earth is the ________ that Earth's gravity exerts on an object with a specific mass.   force  
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_____________ is the force involved when surfaces that touch each other have a certain resistance to motion.   Friction  
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__________ force is the application of force to bend, dent, scratch, compress, or break something.   Mechanical  
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___________ forces result even when the interacting objects are not in physical contact, but they exert a push or pull despite their physical separation.   At a distance  
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__________ forces are the result of the physical interaction between objects   Contact force  
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___________ forces are involved in the application of force to bend, dent, scratch, compress, or break something.   Mechanical  
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Which is faster the speed of light or the speed of sound?   Light  
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Light waves can go through ________ materials such as air, water, and clear glass, but can not go through ________ materials such as a brick wall, and can only travel partially through _____________ material such as frosted glass.   transparent (see through), opaque (such as a brick wall), translucent (frosted glass)  
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Rough surfaces tend to scatter lightwaves in _________ direction(s).   many  
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Smooth surfaces tend to scatter lightwaves in _________ direction(s).   one  
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____________ occurs when light passes through a transparent material like water at a slant angle, the ray of light bends or changes direction.   refraction  
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Light always travels in a _________ ___________.   straight line  
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_______________ occurs when a ray of light bends around the edges of an object.   diffraction  
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___________ is a branch of physics that studies the physical properties of light.   optics  
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Optics provides information about the behavior and properties of light and its interaction with __________.   matter  
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______________ provides information about the behavior and properties of light and its interaction with matter.   Optics  
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A ___________ is a piece of transparent and curved material.   lens  
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_____________ lenses are thicker in the middle and are used as magnifying glasses and to help correct the vision of nearsighted people.   convex  
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A _________ is a transparent object with flat polished surfaces that refracts or diffuses light.   prism  
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_________ is a branch of physics that studies the physical properties of matter.   optics  
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A type of energy that has a comparatively low level of physical weight or density is called ___________.   light  
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A ______ is a piece of transparent and curved material.   lens  
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______________ is a physical occurrence related to stationary and moving electrons and protons.   electricity  
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Electricity is a physical occurrence related to stationary and moving ______________ and ______________.   electrons and protons  
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Electrical energy is made by the flow of an electric charge through a _______________.   conductor  
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A ______________ allows electricity to flow freely through it.   conductor  
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An ______________ such as glass, rubber, and air, does not allow electricity to flow freely through it.   insulator.  
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____________ may transmit electrical energy.   Atoms  
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Atoms may transmit ____________ energy.   electrical  
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_______________ atoms contain an equal number of protons and neutrons because they cancel each other out and provide no net charge.   Neutral  
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Neutral atoms contain an equal number of _________ and _________ because they cancel each other out and provide no net charge.   protons and neutrons  
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Neutral atoms contain an equal number of protons and neutrons because they cancel each other out and provide no _________ charge.   net  
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Atoms with a ____________ charge contain more electrons than protons.   negative  
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Atoms with a negative charge contain __________ electrons than protons.   more  
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Atoms with a ____________ charge contain fewer electrons than protons.   positive  
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Atoms with a positive charge contain ____________ electrons than protons.   fewer  
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Electric current is the flow of electricity through a _____________.   conductor  
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______________ circuits use only one electrical path.   Series  
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Series circuits use _________ electrical path(s).   One  
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___________ circuits use several electrical path(s).   Parallel  
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Parallel circuits use __________ electrical paths.   Several  
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___________ can produce static electricity.   friction  
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Friction can produce _____________ electricity.   static  
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__________ electricity refers to the accumulation of excess electrical charge in a region that has poor electrical conductivity, it is the build up of electrical charge on the surface of an object(s).   static  
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Static electricity refers to the accumulation of excess electrical charge in a region that has __________ electrical conductivity, it is the build up of electrical charge on the surface of an object(s).   poor  
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____________ charges repel one another.   LIke  
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Like charges _________ one another.   repel  
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______________ charges attract one another.   opposite  
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Opposite charges ____________ one another.   attract  
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A ___________ is a closed loop through which electrical charges can continuously move.   circuit  
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The accumulation of electrical charge in a region that has poor electrical conductivity is called __________ electricity.   static  
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A ______________ allows electricity to flow freely through it.   conductor  
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energy can be created or destroyed, but it can be __________ from one form of energy to another.   transformed  
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A person uses ________ energy to clap producing sound energy.   mechanical  
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A person uses mechanical energy to clap producing __________ energy.   sound  
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The sun provides ___________ energy to help plants produce chemical energy.   light  
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The sun provides light energy to help plants produce __________ energy.   chemical  
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The _____________ energy used to rub our hands together is transformed into heat or thermal energy.   mechanical  
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The mechanical energy used to rub our hands together is transformed into heat or ____________ energy.   thermal  
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The wind provides ______________ energy, which can be transformed into electrical energy.   mechanical  
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The wind provides mechanical energy, which can be transformed into _______________ energy.   electrical  
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A battery is _______________ energy that becomes electrical energy in a CD player, the CD player emits sound energy.   chemical  
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A battery is chemical energy that becomes electrical energy in a CD player, the CD player emits ______________ energy.   sound  
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_______________ energy is transformed into heat energy in an oven.   Electrical  
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Electrical energy is transformed into heat energy in an oven.   heat  
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Wood provides ____________ energy, which changes to light energy and heat energy in a fire.   chemical  
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Wood provides chemical energy, which changes to light energy and _____________ energy in a fire.   heat  
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A plane uses _____________ energy from gasoline to fly, producing mechanical energy.   chemical  
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A plane uses chemical energy from gasoline to fly, producing ________________ energy.   mechanical  
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A person uses _____________ energy from food to ride a bike, producing mechanical energy.   chemical  
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A person uses chemical energy from food to ride a bike, producing _____________ energy.   mechanical  
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A car transforms ___________ energy from gasoline to mechanical energy.   chemical  
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A car transforms chemical energy from gasoline to ______________ energy.   mechanical  
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A man uses _____________ energy to ring the doorbell, producing sound energy.   mechanical  
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A man uses mechanical energy to ring the doorbell, producing ______________ energy.   sound  
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__________ energy is considered the most internal of objects, which is created by vibration and movement.   thermal  
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___________ or_________ energy is energy in the form of mechanical waves transmitted through materials like plastic or air. They can be audible or in waves.   sound or acoustic  
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__________ energy is from the sun.   solar  
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Solar energy is from the sun and may be converted into ________ or _________ energy.   thermal or electrical  
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___________ or light energy is transmitted int eh form of electromagnetic waves or radiation. X-rays are an example.   radiant  
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_________ energy is present in the nucleus of the atom.   nuclear  
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__________________ energy is the sum of potential energy and kinetic energy.   Mechanical  
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Mechanical energy is the sum of ________ energy and ________ energy.   potential energy and kinetic energy  
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Energy of motion is known as ___________ energy.   Kinetic  
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Energy that is stored is known as ____________ energy.   potential  
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The combustion of gasoline provokes a reaction that releases ____ energy.   chemical  
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___________ energy is considered the most internal energy of objects, which is created by vibration and movement.   thermal  
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Daylight is a result of ___________ energy   solar  
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True or False: The motion of all bodies is governed by the same basic rules.   True  
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_____________ forces do not cause a change in motion, they are opposite in direction and equal in size.   Balanced  
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Balanced forces do not cause a change in motion, they are ______________ in direction and equal in size.   opposite  
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____________ forces always cause a change in motion.   Unbalanced  
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______________ forces can be in the same direction and in opposite directions.   Unbalanced. Examples: A game of Tug of War (Opposite) and when a car breaks down and people have to push it (The same direction the force of the people are pushing the car)  
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True or False: Balanced forces do not cause a change in motion.   True  
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When working with balances and unbalanced forces, the strength of forces moving in the same direction are combined by ________ them.   adding  
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Earth Science encompasses all aspects of knowledge of _____ and the Earth.   geology  
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The earth is divided into three main layers, the ___________, _____________, and the ___________.   Core, mantle, and crust  
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What is the innermost layer of the Earth?   core  
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The core of the earth is approximately _________ miles below the surface of the earth.   1800  
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The core of the earth is made up of __________ and _________.   iron and nickel  
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The core of the earth is divided into two sections, the _________ and the ___________.   inner core and outer core  
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The ___________ core is solid and approximately 780 miles thick.   inner  
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The inner core is solid and approximately _________ miles thick.   780  
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The ________ core is made up of iron, nickel, and other light elements.   inner  
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The inner core is made up of ______, _______ and other light elements.   iron, nickel,  
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The pressure of the _______________ core is so great that despite high temperatures it will not melt.   inner  
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The ___________ core is always molten, or melted.   outer  
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The __________ core is made up mostly of iron with some nickel and other elements and makes up the remainder of the core, approximately 1300 miles.   outer  
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The outer core is made up mostly of iron with some nickel and other elements and makes up the remainder of the core, approximately ____________ miles.   1300  
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It is a given that the Earth rotates, however the ______ core rotates while the _______ core does not due to its solid nature, thus it creates Earth's magnetism.   outer, inner  
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It is a given that the Earth rotates, however the outer core rotates while the inner core does not due to its solid nature, thus it creates Earth's ______________.   magnetism  
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The layer above the core is called the ___________.   mantle  
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The mantle begins about ______ miles under the ocean's crust and is 19 miles below the continent's crust.   6  
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The ___________ begins about 6 miles under the ocean's crust and is 19 miles below the continent's crust.   mantle  
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The mantle begins about 6 miles under the ocean's crust and is 19 miles below the _______________ crust.   continent's  
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The _____________ makes up the majority of the Earth's volume.   mantle  
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The top layer of the earth is called the ___________.   crust  
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The crust is the hard outer shell of the earth and is the ______________ layer of the Earth.   thinnest  
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The _____________ is the hard outer shell of the earth and is the thinnest layer of the Earth.   crust  
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The crust floats on the mantle and is ___________ material.   solid  
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There are two types of crust, the _________ crust and the ___________ crust.   oceanic crust and the continental crust.  
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The _____________ crust is that part of the crust under the oceans.   oceanic  
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The ocean crust is about __________ miles thick.   4-7  
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The rock in the ocean crust is generally ___________ and consists mainly of basalt.   younger  
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_________ % of the Earth's surface is oceanic crust.   71  
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The ____________ crust, makes up 29% of the Earth's surface.   continental  
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The continental crust, makes up _________ % of the Earth's surface.   29  
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The continental crust is the part of the Earth's surface that makes up our __________________.   continents  
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There are six continents what are they?   Eurasia (Europe and Asia), Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, and Australia.  
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The inner core is __________ and approximately 780 miles thick.   solid  
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It is a given that the Earth rotates, however the outer core rotates while the inner core does not due to its _________ nature, thus it creates Earth's magnetism.   solid  
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The crust floats on the _________ and is solid material.   mantle  
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The rock in the ocean crust is generally younger and consists mainly of ___________.   basalt  
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71% of the Earth's surface is ____________ crust.   oceanic  
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Because the Earths core is so hot, heat develops a current which radiates to the Earth's crust through ________ currents.   convection  
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Convection currents cause the plates of the Earth's crust to move, which is called ________ __________.   plate tectonics  
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Igneous rocks are form from the cooling of ________.   magma  
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Examples of igneous rock are ________ and _________.   granite and basalt  
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Granite and basalt are two examples of what type of rock?   igneous  
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_____ rocks cover igneous rocks with loose sediment.   Sedimentary  
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__________ rocks are created when layers of debris or sediment, are compacted or fuse together.   Sedimentary  
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What are the three types of sedimentary rocks?   Clastic, chemical, and organic  
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Clastic, chemical, and organic are the three types of ________ rocks.   sedimentary  
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__________ rocks are basic sedimentary rocks and are accumulations of broken pieces of rocks.   clastic  
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___________ rocks are formed when standing water evaporates and leaves dissolved minerals behind.   chemical  
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_______ rocks are formed form materials such as shells, bones, and teeth.   organic  
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____________ rocks form when a pre-existing rock is moved into an environment in which the minerals that make up the rock become unstable, often burial. The rock changes as it seeks to regain equilibrium, forming a new rock.   Metamorphic  
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What are examples of common metamorphic rock?   Slate, gneiss, marble  
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Slate, gneiss, marble are examples of ___________ rock.   metamorphic  
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Soil is formed by the weathering of __________ and __________.   rocks and minerals  
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__________ is formed by the weathering of rocks and minerals.   soil  
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Is water a renewable resource?   No  
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What are the four steps of the water cycle?   Evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and collection  
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_________ occurs when the sun heats up the water on the surface of the Earth.   evaporation  
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____________ occurs when the water vapor in the air cools and changes back into liquid, forming clouds.   condensation  
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___________ occurs when the amount of water that has condensed in the air is too much for the air to hold.   precipitation  
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________________ occurs when the water returns to the surface of the Earth and falls back into water sources like oceans, lakes, or rivers.   collection  
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What are the five types of air masses?   Continental arctic, Continental Polar, Maritime Polar, Maritime Tropical, and Continental Tropical  
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__________ is the horizontal movement of air.   wind  
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The equator receives direct rays from the sun. The moist air is heated and rises, leaving low-pressure regions called _________.   Doldrums  
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What is a doldrum?   A low pressure region of little steady air movement.  
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When doldrums move north and south of the equator, they begin to sink and cool, some of that air moves back toward the equator forming __________ __________.   trade winds  
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What are the four main types of clouds?   Stratus, cumulus, cirrus, and nimbus  
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________ clouds are horizontal, layered clouds that appear to blanket the sky. They form where warm, moist air passes over cool air.   stratus  
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___________ clouds are puffy and look like cotton balls. They generally form when warm, moist air is forced upward. As the air rises it cools. The size of the cloud depends on the force of upward movement. They produce thunderstorms.   Cumulus  
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________ clouds are wispy and feathery. They only form at high altitudes and are composed of ice crystals.   cirrus  
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_____ clouds produce precipitation.   Nimbus  
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These types of clouds form only at high altitudes and are composed of ice crystals.   cirrus  
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What is percolation?   The downward movement of water through the soil and rock in the ground.  
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The downward movement of water through the soil and rock in the ground is known as ______________?   percolation  
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What is leaching?   The process by which materials in the soil are transferred into the water.  
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The process by which materials in the soil are transferred into the water is known as _____________.   leaching  
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What is an aquifer?   A formation that transmits water under the surface of the Earth.  
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A formation that transmits water under the surface of the Earth is known as a(n) ______________.   aquifer  
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What are the three ways that heat is transferred through the Earth's system?   radiation, conduction, and convection  
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Radiation, conduction, and convection are three ways that _______ is transferred through the Earth's system.   heat  
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____________ is when heat is transferred through electromagnetic waves.   radiation  
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________________ occurs when heat transfers through molecular movement.   Conduction  
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________ occurs through the movement of masses, either air or water.   convection  
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What are the four stages of the water process?   evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and collection  
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True or False: Trade winds form at the poles?   False, trade winds form at the equator.  
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What are three methods of heat transfer?   radiation, conduction, and convection  
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What is the name of our Solar System?   The Milky Way  
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What is the smallest planet?   Mercury  
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Does Mercury have any moons? If so how many?   none  
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What planet is most like the moons surface?   Mercury  
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Is Venus hot or cold?   Hot due to the thick gases in the atmosphere causing a greenhouse effect.  
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Which planet is nicknamed the "Red Planet"?   Mars because it is covered with a rusty colored soil.  
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Does Mars have any moons? If so how many?   Yes, two. Phobos and Diemos  
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What is the largest planet?   Jupiter  
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Which three planets have rings?   Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus  
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Which planet has a large red spot.   Jupiter  
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What is the second largest planet?   Saturn  
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Does Jupiter have any moons? If so how many?   None  
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Does Saturn have any moons? If so how many?   Yes, 20.  
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What is the third largest planet?   Uranus  
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Which planet has blue-greenish gasses made up of hydrogen, helium, and methane?   Uranus  
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Which planet has five large moons and ten small moonlets?   Uranus  
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Which planet has poles that point sideways and has an angle of 98 degrees?   Uranus  
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The planets orbit around the _________.   Sun  
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The tilt of the Earth's axis accounts for the ___________.   seasons  
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___________ are bodies in space made up of rocks, frozen water, frozen gases, and dust.   Comets  
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____________ are made up of metal, rock, or ice and are like planets in that they orbit the sun.   Asteroids  
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A belt of ____________ exists between Mars and Jupiter and separates the planets.   astroids  
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_________ are objects that rotate around the sun but are too small to be called asteroids or comets. They are made up of bits and pieces of the solar system that have fallen into Earth's atmosphere.   Meteors  
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___________ are made up entirely of gases and are mostly made up of hydrogen.   stars  
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Stars are made up entirely of __________ and are mostly made up of hydrogen.   gases  
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Stars are made up entirely of gages and are mostly made up of _____________.   hydrogen  
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The mass of a stars depends upon what?   Color, temperature, and size  
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The color, temperature, and size of a star determines its _________.   mass  
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Moons are ______ of planets.   satellites  
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Moons generally orbit around a __________.   planet  
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What are the phases of the moon a result of?   The sunlight hitting the moon's surface and then reflecting it towards the Earth.  
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Does the moon create its own light?   No, it is reflected from the sunlight hitting the moon's surface.  
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When does a FULL moon occur?   When the moon and sun are on opposite sides of the earth, giving a full reflection of the moon's surface.  
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When does a NEW moon occur?   When the moon and sun are on the same sides of the Earth, giving no reflection of the moon's surface toward the Earth.  
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What is the time between full moons?   Approximately 29 days  
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When did space exploration begin?   In 1914 when Robert Goddard received two patents for rockets.  
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Space exploration begin in ________ when Robert Goddard received two patents for rockets.   1914  
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Space exploration begin in 1914 when _______ _________ received two patents for rockets.   Robert Goddard  
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Space exploration begin in 1914 when Robert Goddard received two patents for ____________.   rockets  
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________ _________ begin in 1914 when Robert Goddard received two patents for rockets.   Space exploration  
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In ___________, Robert Goddard successfully applied his rocketry theories and launched the first liquid fueled rocket in Massachusetts.   1926  
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In 1926, Robert Goddard successfully applied his rocketry theories and launched the first _________ fueled rocket in Massachusetts.   liquid  
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In 1942 __________ launched the first rocket to reach sub-orbital spaceflight.   Germany  
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In __________ Germany launched the first rocket to reach sub-orbital spaceflight.   1942  
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In _________ the US launched an American made rocket in White Sands, NM.   1946  
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In 1946 the US launched an American made rocket in ____________.   White Sands, NM  
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In ___________ the Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the first satellite to be placed into orbit.   1957  
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In 1957 the Soviet Union launched ___________, the first satellite to be placed into orbit.   Sputnik  
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In 1957, Sputnik transmitted _______ _________ back to Earth for a short time.   radio signals  
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In _________, Sputnik transmitted radio signals back to Earth for a short time.   1957  
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In _________ the Soviet Union launched Sputnik 2, which housed a dog contained in a pressurized container with food supplies and an atmosphere; this showed it was possible to survive in space.   1957  
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When Sputnik 2 was launch by the Soviet Union, what did it contain and why?   In 1957 the Soviet Union launched Sputnik 2, which housed a dog contained in a pressurized container with food supplies and an atmosphere; this showed it was possible to survive in space.  
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In ________ the US launched the first satellite, Explorer 1.   1958  
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In 1958 the US launched the first ________, Explorer 1.   satellite  
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In _______ the US created NASA.   1958  
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What does the abbreviation NASA represent?   National Aeronautics and Space Administration  
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In _________ the Soviet Union Cosmonaut Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin became the first human in space; he made one complete orbit around the Earth and his flight lasted 1 hour and 48 minutes.   1961  
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In 1961 the Soviet Union Cosmonaut ____________ became the first human in space; he made one complete orbit around the Earth and his flight lasted 1 hour and 48 minutes.   Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin  
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In _________ US astronaut Alan Shepard was launched into space and completed a sub-orbital flight of 15 minutes   1961  
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In 1961 US astronaut ________________ was launched into space and completed a sub-orbital flight of 15 minutes   Alan Shepard  
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In 1958 the US launched the first satellite, ___________.   Explorer 1  
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In ___________ US astronaut John Glenn became the first American to orbit the Earth; he made three orbits.   1962  
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In 1962 US astronaut ______________ became the first American to orbit the Earth; he made three orbits.   John Glenn  
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In 1962 US astronaut John Glenn became the first American to orbit the Earth; he made _______ orbits.   three  
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In __________ the Soviet Union followed by the United States, landed an unmanned spacecraft on the moon.   1966  
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In 1966 the Soviet Union followed by the United States, landed an ___________ spacecraft on the moon.   unmanned  
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What was the first country to land an unmanned spacecraft on the moon.   Soviet Union, but the US followed in the same year, 1966.  
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In _________ Apollo 11 lands on the moon; Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin Jr, become the first human beings to walk on the moon.   1969  
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In 1969 ___________ lands on the moon; Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin Jr, become the first human beings to walk on the moon.   Apollo 11  
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In 1969 Apollo 11 lands on the moon; ______________ and ___________, become the first human beings to walk on the moon.   Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin Jr  
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In ________ the first space station, Salyut 1, is placed into orbit, by the Soviet Union.   1971  
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In 1971 the first space station, ___________, is placed into orbit, by the Soviet Union.   Salyut 1  
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In 1971 the first space station, Salyut 1, is placed into orbit, by the __________.   Soviet Union  
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In ________ the Apollo 15 astronauts became to first to drive a rover on the surface of the moon.   1971  
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In 1971 the _________ astronauts became to first to drive a rover on the surface of the moon.   Apollo 15  
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In ____________ the first US Space Station, Skylab, was placed into orbit.   1973  
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In 1973 the first US Space Station, ____________, was placed into orbit.   Skylab  
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In __________ the first Space Shuttle, Columbia, was launched.   1981  
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In 1981 the first Space Shuttle, __________, was launched.   Columbia  
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In _________ Space Shuttle Challenger makes its first mission.   1983  
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In 1983 Space Shuttle ____________ makes its first mission.   Challenger  
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Who was the first woman astronaut in space?   Sally Ride  
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In what year did Sally Ride become the first woman launched into space?   1983  
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In 1983 Space Shuttle Discovery makes its first mission.   1983  
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In 1983 Space Shuttle ________ makes its first mission.   Discovery  
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In 1985 Space Shuttle Atlantis launches its first mission.   1985  
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In 1985 Space Shuttle ________ launches its first mission.   Atlantis  
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In _________ Space Shuttle Challenger explodes during liftoff.   1986  
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In 1986 Space Shuttle ____________ explodes during liftoff.   Challenger  
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The Space Station Mir was launched by what country?   Soviet Union (Russia)  
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In what year was the Mir Space Station successfully launched by Russia?   1986  
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What is the Hubble Space Telescope used for?   To image space  
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In what year was the Hubble Space Telescope deployed?   1990  
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In ___________ the US launched the Space Shuttle Endeavor on its first mission.   1992  
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In 1992 the US launched the Space Shuttle __________ on its first mission.   Endeavor  
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In what year did the Space Shuttle Atlantis rendezvous with the Space Station Mir?   1992  
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In what year did the US complete the 100th space walk?   2001  
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In __________ the US Space Shuttle Columbia breaks up in the atmosphere over Texas on re-entry.   2003  
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In 2003 the US Space Shuttle _____________ breaks up in the atmosphere over Texas on re-entry.   Columbia  
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What are the four phases of the moon?   New Moon, First Quarter Moon, Full Moon, Last Quarter Moon  
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How many phases of the moon are there?   4  
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What two space shuttles were destroyed during missions?   Challenger and Columbia  
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In which Apollo mission did Armstrong and Aldrin walk on the moon?   Apollo 11  
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Why is Apollo 11 mission so remarkable?   It was the mission in which Armstrong and Aldrin walked on the moon.  
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In order to be considered a living thing, what 6 criteria must be met?   Made up of cells, obtain and use energy, grow and develop, reproduce, respond to stimuli in environment, adapt to environment.  
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Define: Taxonomy   The classification of living things into categories based on physical characteristics.  
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What are the 8 taxonomical classifications?   Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species, Domain  
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What are these known as? Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species, Domain   The 8 taxonomical classifications  
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How many Domains are there? What are they?   3: Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya  
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How many Kingdoms are there? What are they?   6: Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protists, Fungi, Plants, Animals  
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Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya are the three different types of _______________.   Domains  
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Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protists, Fungi, Plants, Animals are the six different types of __________________.   Kingdoms  
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All living things are made up of _________.   cells  
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_________ are the smallest unit of living things.   cells  
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Cells come in many shapes and sizes and can perform different functions, but they all have what 4 things in common?   All cells contain cell membranes, cytoplasm, organelles, and DNA.  
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What is the cell membrane?   The cell membrane surrounds the cell and provides a protective layer that covers the surface of the cell and acts as a barrier to its environment. It controls what goes in and out of the cel.  
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What controls what goes in and out of the cell?   The cell membrane.  
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What provides a protective layer that covers the surface of the cell?   The cell membrane.  
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Inside the cell is fluid; this fluid is known as the _____________.   cytoplasm  
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What is cytoplasm?   The fluid inside of the cell  
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Within cells are _______________, which carry out the life process within the cell.   organelles  
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What carries out the life process within the cell?   The organelles  
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Organelles perform specific functions within the cell and different cell types have ____________ organelles.   different  
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Are all organelles within the cell the same?   No, organelles perform specific functions within the cell and different cell types have different organelles.  
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All cells contain ___________, the genetic material that contains information needed to make new cells.   DNA  
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___________ is passed from parent cells to new cells and determines the type and function of the cell.   DNA  
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In some cells the ______________ is enclosed inside an organelle called the nucleus; these cells are called eukaryotes.   DNA  
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In some cells the DNA is enclosed inside an organelle called the ________________; these cells are called eukaryotes.   nucleus  
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In some cells the DNA is enclosed inside an organelle called the nucleus; these cells are called _______________.   eukaryotes  
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In some cells the DNA is enclosed inside an ______________ called the nucleus; these cells are called eukaryotes.   organelle  
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In some cells the DNA is enclosed inside an organelle called the nucleus; these cells are called eukaryotes. In other cells, a nucleus does not exist. These cells are called _____________.   prokaryotes  
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Cells that do not contain a nucleus are called _____________.   prokaryotes  
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Cells that do not contain a ____________ are called prokaryotes.   nucleus  
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______________ cells, cells in which the DNA is enclosed in the nucleus, have cell walls, which are a rigid structure that gives support to the cell.   Eukaryotic  
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Eukaryotic cells, cells in which the DNA is enclosed in the nucleus, have cell walls, which are a rigid structure that does what?   gives support to the cell  
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Eukaryotic cells, cells in which the DNA is enclosed in the nucleus, have ______ _________, which are a rigid structure that gives support to the cell.   cell walls  
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The ________ __________l is the outermost part of the cell.   cell wall  
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The cell wall is the ___________ part of the cell.   outermost  
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Cells walls in plants and algae are made up of ___________, a complex sugar that animals cannot digest without help.   cellulose  
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Cells walls in __________ and algae are made up of cellulose, a complex sugar that animals cannot digest without help.   plants  
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Cells walls in plants and __________ are made up of cellulose, a complex sugar that animals cannot digest without help.   algae  
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Cells walls in plants and algae are made up of cellulose, a complex _____________ that animals cannot digest without help.   sugar  
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Cells walls in plants and algae are made up of cellulose, a complex sugar that animals cannot ___________ without help.   digest  
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What causes a plant to droop?   THe cell walls allow the plant to stand up. When the cells lack water, the cell walls collapse and the plant has no support so it droops.  
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In cells _________ a cell wall, the cell membrane is the outermost part of the cell.   without  
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In cells __________ a cell wall, the cell membrane is just inside the cell wall.   with  
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In cells without a cell wall, the cell membrane is the _____________ part of the cell.   outermost  
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In cells with a cell wall, the cell membrane is __________ the cell wall.   just inside  
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The cell membrane of ___________ cells contains proteins, lipids, and phospholipids.   eukaryotic  
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The cell membrane of eukaryotic cells contains ________, lipids, and phospholipids.   proteins  
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___________ and ___________ control the movement of larger materials into and out of the cell.   Proteins and lipids  
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Proteins and lipids control the movement of larger materials into and out of the ___________.   cell  
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Small nutrients and water move into the cell while wastes move out of the cell by _____________.   diffusion  
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Small nutrients and water move ________ the cell while wastes moves _________ of the cell by diffusion.   into, out  
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The web of proteins inside the cytoplasm is called the _______________.   cytoskeleton  
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The ________________ acts as both muscles and a skeleton for the cell.   cytoskeleton  
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The cytoskeleton acts as both __________ and a skeleton for the cell.   muscles  
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The ______________ keeps the cell membrane from collapsing and helps cells move.   cytoskeleton  
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The cytoskeleton keeps the cell membrane from ___________ and helps cells move.   collapsing  
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The cell membrane of eukaryotic cells contains proteins, __________, and phospholipids.   lipids  
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The cell membrane of eukaryotic cells contains proteins, lipids, and ________________.   phospholipids  
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The cell membrane of eukaryotic cells contains ____________, _____________, and _____________.   proteins, lipids, and phospholipids  
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____________ and lipids control the movement of larger materials into and out of the cell.   proteins  
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Proteins and ___________ control the movement of larger materials into and out of the cell.   lipids  
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What controls the movement of larger materials into and out of the cell.   proteins and lipids  
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The web of ______________ inside the cytoplasm is called the cytoskeleton.   proteins  
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The cytoskeleton acts as both muscles and a _________ for the cell.   skeleton  
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The cytoskeleton acts as both ___________ and as a ____________ for the cell.   muscles and a skeleton  
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The cytoskeleton keeps the cell membrane from collapsing and helps cells ____________.   move  
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Eukaryotic cells contain a _____________, a large organelle containing the cell's DNA.   nucleus  
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Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus, a large organelle containing the cell's ___________.   DNA  
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The cell's _________ contains the information on how to make the cell's proteins.   DNA  
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The proteins are not made in the nucleus; instead the instructions for making the protein are copied from the ___________ and sent out through the pores in the nucleus.   DNA  
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The proteins are not made in the nucleus; instead the instructions for making the protein are copied from the DNA and sent out through the pores in the ____________.   nucleus  
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The nucleus of many cells contains the ____________, a dark area in which the cell begins to make ribosomes.   nucleolus  
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The nucleus of many cells contains the nucleolus, a dark area in which the cell begins to make _____________.   ribosomes  
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_________ are the smallest of all organelles.   Ribosomes  
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Ribosomes are the ____________ of all organelles.   smallest  
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Some ribosomes ___________ in the cytoplasm, while others are attached to the membranes or the cytoskeleton.   float  
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Some ribosomes float in the cytoplasm, while others are attached to the membranes or the ______________.   cytoskeleton  
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Ribosomes are not covered by a membrane.   membrane  
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The power source of the cell is the _____________, the organelle in which sugar is broken down to produce energy.   mitochondria  
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In ALL cases, ______________ build proteins which are made of amino acids. All cells need proteins to live so ALL cells have ribosomes.   ribosomes  
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In ALL cases, ribosomes build proteins which are made of ___________ ____________. All cells need proteins to live so ALL cells have ribosomes.   amino acids  
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_____________ reactions take place in a cell, many of which take place on the endoplasmic reticulum, or ER, a system of folded membranes in which proteins, lipids, and other materials are made.   Chemical  
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Chemical reactions take place in a cell, many of which take place on the __________ _________, a system of folded membranes in which proteins, lipids, and other materials are made.   endoplasmic reticulum  
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The folded membranes of the _________ ____________ contain many tubes and passageways for delivering substances to different parts of the cell.   endoplasm reticulum,  
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The folded membranes of the endoplasm reticulum, contain many tubes and passageways for delivering substances to different parts of the ___________.   cell  
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There are 2 types of endoplasm reticulum, ____________ and __________.   smooth and rough  
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There are 2 types of ______________ ____________, smooth and rough.   endoplasm reticulum  
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_____________ ER is covered in ribosomes and is usually found near the nucleus.   Rough  
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Rough ER is covered in ______________ and is usually found near the nucleus.   ribosomes  
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_____________ ER does not contain ribosomes, but makes lipids and breaks down toxic material that could damage the cell.   Smooth  
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Smooth ER does not contain _______________, but makes lipids and breaks down toxic material that could damage the cell.   ribosomes  
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In ALL cases, ribosomes build proteins which are made of amino acids. All cells need ____________ to live so ALL cells have ribosomes.   proteins  
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In ALL cases, ribosomes build proteins which are made of amino acids. All cells need proteins to live so ALL cells have ____________.   ribosomes  
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The power source of the cell is the mitochondria, the organelle in which ____________ is broken down to produce energy.   sugar  
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Chemical reactions take place in a cell, many of which take place on the endoplasmic reticulum, or ER, a system of folded membranes in which ___________, ___________, and other materials are made.   proteins, lipids  
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The folded ___________ of the endoplasm reticulum, contain many tubes and passageways for delivering substances to different parts of the cell.   membranes  
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Rough ER is covered in ribosomes and is usually found near the _______________.   nucleus  
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Smooth ER does not contain ribosomes, but makes __________ and breaks down toxic material that could damage the cell.   lipids  
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Smooth ER does not contain ribosomes, but makes lipids and breaks down ___________ material that could damage the cell.   toxic  
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The power source of the cell is the mitochondria, the organelle in which sugar is broken down to produce ____________.   energy  
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_____________ are covered by two membranes, the outer membrane and the inner membrane.   Mitochondria  
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Mitochondria are covered by _______ membranes.   2, the outer membrane and the inner membrane  
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__________________ make a substance called ATP, the form of energy that cells can use.   Mitochondria  
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Mitochondria make a substance called __________, the form of energy that cells can use.   ATP  
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Where is ATP produced at? (Be specific)   The INNER layer of the mitochondria  
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The inner layer of the mitochondria produces __________.   ATP  
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The organelle that packages and distributes proteins is called the ___________ ____________.   Golgi Complex  
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The organelle that packages and distributes ___________ is called the Golgi Complex.   proteins  
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The _________ ___________ looks like smooth ER, but its job is to take the lipids and the proteins made from the ER and deliver them to other parts of the cell.   Golgi Complex  
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The Golgi Complex looks like smooth ER, but its job is to take the __________ and the ____________ made from the ER and deliver them to other parts of the cell.   lipids and the proteins  
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The Golgi Complex might modify ____________ and _________ to do different jobs.   lipids and proteins  
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The final product of the Golgi Complex is enclosed in a piece of the Golgi's Complex membrane that then pinches off in a small bubble called a ______________, which transports the lipids and proteins to other parts of the cell or outside the cell.   vesicle  
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The final product of the Golgi Complex is enclosed in a piece of the Golgi's Complex membrane that then pinches off in a small bubble called a vesicle, which transports the ___________ and ___________ to other parts of the cell or outside the cell.   lipids and proteins  
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Mitochondria make a substance called ATP, the form of _________ that cells can use.   energy  
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The Golgi Complex looks like smooth ER, but its job is to take the lipids and the proteins made from the ER and deliver them to ________________________.   other parts of the cell  
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The final product of the Golgi Complex is enclosed in a piece of the Golgi's Complex membrane that then pinches off in a small bubble called a vesicle, which transports the lipids and proteins to other parts of the cell or _____________ the cell.   outside  
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The vesicles responsible for digestion inside a cell are called __________________.   lysosomes  
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The vesicles responsible for ______________ inside a cell are called lysosomes.   digestion  
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_______________ are organelles that contain digestive enzymes that destroy worn out or damaged organelles, get rid of toxic waste, and protect the cell form invaders.   Lysosomes  
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Lysosomes are organelles that contain _________ enzymes that destroy worn out or damaged organelles, get rid of toxic waste, and protect the cell form invaders.   digestive  
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_______________ are large vesicles; specifically they are the part of pinched off from the Golgi Complex to transport the lipids and proteins to other parts of the cell or to areas outside of the cell.   Vacuoles  
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What do lysosomes do?   Lysosomes are organelles that contain digestive enzymes that destroy worn out or damaged organelles, get rid of toxic waste, and protect the cell form invaders.  
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In plant or fungal cells, some ____________ act like large lysosomes by storing digestive enzymes and aiding in digestion within the cell. Other __________ in plant cells store water and other liquids.   vacuoles, vacuoles  
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In plant or fungal cells, some vacuoles act like large lysosomes by storing ___________ enzymes and aiding in digestion within the cell. Other vacuoles in plant cells store water and other liquids.   digestive  
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In plant or fungal cells, some vacuoles act like large lysosomes by storing digestive enzymes and aiding in digestion within the cell. Other vacuoles in plant cells store ___________ and other liquids.   water  
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__________ cells contain chloroplasts, animal cells do not.   Plant  
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Which cells contain chloroplasts?   Plant cells  
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Do plants cells contain chloroplasts?   Yes  
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Do animal cells contain chloroplasts?   No  
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______________ are organelles present in plant and algae cells and allow the plant to harness energy from the sun.   Chloroplasts  
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Chloroplasts are organelles present in _________ and _________ cells and allow the plant to harness energy from the sun.   plant and algae  
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Photosynthesis takes place in the _________________.   chloroplasts  
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The process of ____________ allows plants and algae to use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make sugar and oxygen.   photosynthesis  
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The process of photosynthesis allows plants and algae to use ______________, ___________, and ____________ to make sugar and oxygen.   sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water  
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The process of photosynthesis allows _________ and __________ to use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make sugar and oxygen.   plants and algae  
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______________ are green because they contain chlorophyll, a green pigment found inside the inner membrane of a chloroplast.   Chloroplasts  
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Chloroplasts are green because they contain ______________, a green pigment found inside the inner membrane of a chloroplast.   chlorophyll  
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____________ traps the energy from sunlight which is then used in photosyntheses to make the sugar glucose. Glucose is then used by the mitochondria to make ATP.   Chlorophyll  
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Chlorophyll traps the energy from sunlight which is then used in __________________ to make the sugar glucose. Glucose is then used by the mitochondria to make ATP.   photosyntheses  
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Chlorophyll traps the energy from sunlight which is then used in photosyntheses to make the _________ ___________. Which is then used by the mitochondria to make ATP.   sugar glucose  
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Chlorophyll traps the energy from sunlight which is then used in photosyntheses to make the sugar glucose. Glucose is then used by the ______________ to make ATP.   mitochondria  
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______________ takes place in the chloroplasts.   Photosynthesis  
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The process of photosynthesis allows plants and algae to use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make __________ and _____________.   sugar and oxygen  
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Chloroplasts are green because they contain chlorophyll, a green pigment found inside the __________ __________ of a chloroplast.   inner membrane  
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Chlorophyll traps the energy from sunlight which is then used in photosyntheses to make the sugar glucose. Glucose is then used by the mitochondria to make ___________.   ATP  
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True or False: Cells are present in all living things.   True  
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What 4 parts do all cells contain?   cell membranes, cytoplasm, organelles, and DNA.  
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Cells which have a nucleus are called _______________.   Eukaryotes  
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Do eukaryotes have a nucleus?   Yes  
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_____________ are single-celled organisms.   Prokaryotes  
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Prokaryotes are __________-celled organisms.   single  
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Prokaryotes are small and simple cells that do not have a nucleus or membrane bound organelles.    
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Do Prokaryotes cells have a nucleus or membrane bound organelles?   No, they are small and simple single-celled organisms.  
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Prokaryotes are divided between two domains, __________ and Bacteria.   Archaea  
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Prokaryotes are divided between two domains, Archaea and ____________.   Bacteria  
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Prokaryotes are divided between two domains, _____________ and _____________.   Archaea and Bacteria  
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