Bacterial Diseases of the Skin
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| How does tetanus infection occur? | caused by spores from the soil that enter via a puncture wound (nail in foot)
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| What specific pathology does C. tetani cause? | jaw muscles to contract intensely--common name is lockjaw--actually all musclles of the body are affected
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| What animal is a source of anthrax seen in the United States? How is antrax prevented? | cattle are animal source in U.S.--prevvvented by vaccination and tx of cattle
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| How fast does M leprae grow? | organisms grow slowly and may incubate for 2-10 yrs befor infected pt shows sx. organisms do not grow in culture media
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| What parts of the body are infected be M. leprae? | infects skin and neurons
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| How is leprosy transmitted? | by direct contact--lepromatous leprosy--resp. aerosols--mot spread easily, as spouse of pts sometimes do not contract-even after yrs of contact--grows in 9-banded armadillos--can be transmitted by them
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| What is the incubation period for leprosy? | organisms grow extremely slow--may incubate for 2-10 yrs before infected person shows sx
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| How is leprosy dx and tx? | dx--observation of skin lesions and loss of sensation--tx--reserved ABT dapsone or other antibacterials in the case of resistance for 2 or more yrs
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| What organism causes gas gangrene? | C. perfringens
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| All people carry S. epidermidis. Where? | S. epidermidis is found on the skin
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| What wspecies of Staphylococcus is coagulase positive? | S. aureus is coagulase positive
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| What percentage of people in the hospital setting are carriers of staphylococcus? | 30-50%
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| List diseases caused by S. aureus? | food poisoning, nosocomial infections, impetigo, boils, desquamation or denuding in newborns, pneumonia, and osteomyelitis
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| List the virulence determinants and their functions common to all strains of S. aureus | Protein A--cloaks bacteria with human Abs--hemolysin--lyses RBCs--leukocidin--kills WBCs--coagulase--clots blood--catalase--degrades hydrogen peroxide
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| How are pyogenic staphylococcal infections primarily treated? | draining the pus
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| What does MRSA indicate? | methicillin-resistant S. aureus
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| what should be done to prevent staphylococcal transmission in the hospital setting? | staff must engage in strict hand washing and aseptic techniques
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| How stable to temperature is Staphylococcus aureus? | neither freezing nor food-warming temps will kill bacteria Staphylococcus aureus
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| Enterococcus faecalis is transmitted from where to where to cause infections? | normal flora from intestinal tract that causes infection when there is a gut perforation
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Created by:
heatherlvn
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