Bacterial Diseases of the Skin
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Anthrax | Bacillus anthracis--gram-pos. bacillus--spore former--anaerobe--sporse survive in soil for at least 100 yrs--transmitted from cattle to human--prevention-vaccine//tx of cattle--hemorrhaging, boils, bloody diarrhea
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| Catalase | protets bacteria from lysosomeal reactive oxygen compounds
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| Coagulase | clots blood near the infected site to form an abscess and effectively walls off the area from the immune system
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| coagulase test | only S. aureus can coagulate clotting factors in plasma
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| Debridement | removal of dead tissue and foreign material
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| Exfoliatin | causes desquamation or denuding often seen in newborns--called scalded skin syndrome--large areas of skin loosen and peel off leaving raw openings--S. aureus
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| Gas gangrene | gram-pos. bacillus--anaerobe--spore-forming--C. perfringens--bacteria producers of gas, lesions become green and then blacck as organism produces extracellular enzymes--putrefy tissues block blood flow--amputation
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| Hansen's disease | leprosy--rod shaped--does not stain by Grams stain-incubation 2-10 yrs-ddestroys neurons, bone and skin-loss of fingers, toes and nose tissue--tx with reserved ABT for 2 or more yrs--
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| Hemolysin | produced by S. aureous--destroy red and white blood cells
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| Lepromatous leprosy | organisms multiply to great numbers in mucus and tissues--billions spread from mucus of nose and throat
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| Leprosy | Hanson's disease--disease of skin and neurons--slowly destroys neurons, bone, and skin--loss of fingers, toes and nose tissue common--dx by appearance of skin lesions that have lost sensations--2-10 yrs incubation--tx reserved ABT for 2 or more yrs
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| Leukocidin | produced by S. aureus destroy red and white blood cells
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| Lockjaw | jaw muscles contract intensely--all muscles of body affected--tetnus
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| Nonlepromatous leprosy | not highly contagious--leprosy
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| Protein A | substance produced by the infecting organism to resist host immune system--surface protein binds human Abs by Fc end results in bacterium that appears on surface to be hose--immune system sees Fab arms of host's own Abs
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| Pyogenic | pus-forming
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| Tetany | muscle spasms
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| Tetanospasmin | tetanus due to tetanus toxin--causes tetany and lockjaw
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| Tetanus | gram-pos bacillus, spore forming, anaerobic--Clostridium tetani--muscular in effect--infection via skin wound--causes tetany--boosters required every 10 yrs-80-90% fatal
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| VRE | vancomycin-resisant enterococcus
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